M

MAC (Message Authentication Code)

A specific type of message digest where the secret key is included as part of the fingerprint. Whereas a normal digest consists of a hash(data), the MAC consists of a hash(key + data). Contrast: The most common form is actually HMAC (hash MAC) that uses the algorithm hash(key + hash(key + data)). From Hacking-Lexicon

MAC address

Every piece of Ethernet hardware has a unique number assigned to it called it's MAC address. Remember that Ethernet is used locally to connect you to the Internet, and you share the local network with many other people. The MAC address is used by your local Internet router in order to direct your traffic to you rather than somebody else in your local area. Key point: The MAC address is 6-bytes long, and must be unique. In order to guarantee uniqueness, equipment vendors are assigned a unique 3-byte prefix, and they then assign their own 3-byte suffix. Thus, the first 3-bytes of a MAC address identifies what kind of hardware you have (3Com, Cisco, Intel, etc.). Key point: The uniqueness property of MAC addresses has interesting implications. It was an important clue in tracking down David Smith (the Melissa author). From Hacking-Lexicon

MAKEDEV

This package contains the MAKEDEV script, which makes it easier to createand maintain the files in the /dev directory. /dev directory files correspond to a particular device supported by Linux (serial or printer ports, scanners, sound cards, tape drives, CD-ROM drives, hard drives, etc.) and interface with the drivers in the kernel. You should install the MAKEDEV package because the MAKEDEV utility makes it easy to manage the /dev directory device files. From Redhat 8.0 RPM

MAKEFLOPPIES

Creates the default floppy device nodes. TQ From whatis

MBONE (Multicast Backbone)

a network that works in conjunction with the Internet for audio and video applications. From Glossary of Distance Education and Internet Terminology

MBR (Master Boot Record)

The first physical sector on a bootable disk drive. The place where the system BIOS looks when the computer is first booted, to determine which partition is currently active (bootable), before reading that partition's first (boot) sector and booting from the partition. From I-gloss

MCC Interim Linux

MCC Interim Linux was started by the Manchester Computing Centre in February of 1992, after they made Linux availible on their FTP site in November of 1991. The distribution was one of the first to use a combined boot/root disk. Several distributions were based off of MCC Interim Linux, including TAMU, MJ, and SLS (which later morphed into Slackware Linux, a distribution that's still alive today). Distribution development is not all that active. From LWN Distribution List

MD4 (Message Digest #4)

An older hash algorithms that used to be popular. It is important today only for historical significance because it has been discovered to be "broken". From Hacking-Lexicon

MD5 (Message Digest #5, 1.2.840.113549.2.5, RFC 1321)

MD5 is one of the most popular hash algorithms. It processes an input file or message into a "unique" 128-bit fingerprint. This fingerprint is believed to be "unique"; while it is theoretically possible that two inputs could hash to the same fingerprint, it is nearly statistically impossible. Contrast: Compared to other hash algorithms, MD5 is extremely popular. It is the most popular hashing algorithm, used in SSL, PGP, HTTP authentication, Tripwire, and many other places. MD5 is one of the faster hash algorithms. However, a theoretical weakness has been found such that an attacker may be able to create two separate messages that hash to the same value. Therefore, most use of MD5 is simply for backwards compatibility. History: MD5 was written by Ron Rivest as an enhanced version of the earlier MD4. MD4 is part of many standards, but is considered completely broken by today's standards (and MD5 itself is now considere to have some weaknesses). See also: integrity From Hacking-Lexicon

MIME

(Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) The protocol for attaching non-text files to email messages (graphics, spreadsheets, formatted text documents, sound files, Quicktime, multimedia files, etc.) MIME is utilised by some email packages & is universally used by Web Servers to identify the files they are sending to Web Clients. From Faculty-of-Education

MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions)

Originally a standard for defining the types of files attached to standard Internet mail messages. The MIME standard has come to be used in many situations where one cmputer programs needs to communicate with another program about what kind of file is being sent. For example, HTML files have a MIME-type of text/html, JPEG files are image/jpeg, etc. From Matisse

MIME encapsulation

Most graphical mail readers have the ability to attach files to mail messages and read these attachments. The way they do this is not with uuencode but in a special format known as MIME encapsulation. MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) is a way of representing multiple files inside a single mail message. The way binary data is handled is similar to uuencode, but in a format known as base64. Each MIME attachment to a mail message has a particular type, known as the MIME type. MIME types merely classify the attached file as an image, an audio clip, a formatted document, or some other type of data. The MIME type is a text tag with the format <major>/<minor>. The major part is called the major MIME type and the minor part is called the minor MIME type. Available major types match all the kinds of files that you would expect to exist. They are usually one of application, audio, image, message, text, or video. The application type means a file format specific to a particular utility. The minor MIME types run into the hundreds. A long list of MIME types can be found in /etc/mime.types. If needed, some useful command-line utilities in the same vein as uuencode can create and extract MIME messages. These are mpack, munpack, and mmencode (or mimencode). From Rute-Users-Guide

MIT-SHM

A MIT shared-memory Ximage \ref {X extension}. It provides both shared memory XImages and shared memory pixmaps based on the SYSV shared memory primitives. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

MIZI Linux

MIZI Linux is a Korean distribution. Version 2.0 was released October 19, 2001. MIZI the company also provides Linu, which can be found in the Embedded section of this list. From LWN Distribution List

MODEM

Acronym for MOulate DEModulate. Hardware that allows computers to interact with each other via telephone lines by converting digital signals to analog for transmission along analog lines. MOdulator/DEModulator, a gizmo which translates the digital information your computer produces into analogue signals that can be sent down the phone lines. From Glossary of Distance Education and Internet Terminology

MOO

Acronym for a lot of things, one of which is Multiuser dimension Object Oriented. They are multimedia, interactive environments in virtual space. Formerly in the confines of Telnet, MOOs now have taken advantage of the WWW. From Glossary of Distance Education and Internet Terminology

MOO (Mud, Object Oriented)

One of several kinds of multi-user role-playing environments. From Matisse

MPEG (Moving Pictures Experts Group)

The group that has defined the multimedia compression standard for consumer and professional digital audio and video. From Glossary of Distance Education and Internet Terminology

MPlayer

A movie and animation player that supports a wide range or codecs and file formats, including MPEG 1/2/4, DivX 3/4/5, Windows Media 7/8/9, RealAudio/Video up to 9, Quicktime 5/6, and Vivo 1/2. It has many MMX/SSE(2)/3DNow(Ex) optimized native audio and video codecs, but allows using XAnim's and RealPlayer's binary codec plugins, and Win32 codec DLLs. It has basic VCD/DVD playback functionality, including DVD subtitles, but supports many text-baased subtitle formats too. For video output, nealy every exising interface is supported. It's also able to convert raw/divx/mpeg4 AVI (pcm/mp3 audio), and even video grabbing from V4L devices. From MPlayer

MSC.Linux

MSC.Software makes this distribution, designed for high-performance, high-availability, cluster computing. Itanium 2-based MSC.Linux V2002 is available, as is MSC.Linux IA-64 2002 (July) for the HP zx1 chipset. A 'special purpose/mini' distribution. From LWN Distribution List

MTA

Alongside the web, mail is the top reason for the popularity of the Internet. E-mail is an inexpensive and fast method of time-shifted messaging which, much like the Web, is actually based around sending and receiving plain text files. The protocol used is called the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). The server prorgams that implement SMTP to move mail from one server to another are called Mail Transfer Agents (MTAs). Once upon a time users would have to Telnet into an SMTP server and use a command line mail program like 'mutt' or 'pine' to check their mail. Now, GUI based e-mail clients like Mozilla, Kmail and Outlook allow users to check their email off of a local SMTP sever. Additional protocols like POP3 and IMAP4 are used between the SMTP server and desktop mail client to allow clients to manipulate files on, and download from, their local mail server. The programs that implement POP3 and IMAP4 are called Mail Delivery Agents (MDAs). They are generally seperate from MTAs. From Advanced Linux Pocketbook

MTBF (Mean time between failures)

The statistical average operating time beween the start of a component's lie and the time of its first electronic or mechinical failure. From QUECID

MTU

Maximum Transmission Unit - the largest packet size for a network. In RedHat the MTU is set for pppd in "/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ppp". From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

MUD

Acronym for Multi-User Dungeon, a type of text based adventure game accessed with telnet or a specialized client program, such as tintin, tinyfugue, or tinytalk. There are many types of MUD including Diku, MOO, and MUSE. On example is ChicagoMUSE. From KADOWKEV

MUD (Multi-User Dungeon or Dimension)

A (usually text-based) multi-user simulation environment. Some are purely for fun and flirting, others are used for serious software development, or education purposes and all thatlies in between. A significant feature of most MUDs is that users can create things that stay after they leave and which other users can interact within their absence, thus allowing a world to be built gradually and collectively. From Matisse

MURIX Linux

MURIX is a distribution based on LinuxFromScratch for building bootable CD-ROMs. Since you build it from source, MURIX should function on almost any hardware. Version 20020205, the initial release, became available on February 24, 2002. Version 1.1 was released November 24, 2002. Version 2003-04-22 was released April 22, 2003. From LWN Distribution List

MUSE (Multi-User Simulated Environment)

One kind of MUD - usually with little or no violence. From Matisse

MX

Mail eXchange: a DNS record used to define the host(s) willing to accept mail for a given machine. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

Machine language

The native binary language recognised and executed by a computer's central procsessing unit (CPU). Machine language, a low-level language symbolised by 0s and 1s, is extremely difficult to use and read. See assembly language and high-level progamming language. From QUECID

Macro

A program consisting of recorded keystrokes and an application's command language that, when run within the application, executes the keystrokes and commands to accomplish a task. Macros can automate tedious and often-repeated tasks (such as saving and backing up a file to a floppy) or create special menus to speed data entry. Some programs provide a macro-recording mode in which the program records your keystrokes and then saves the recording as a macro. Others provide a built-in macro editor, where you type and edit macro commands directly to create IF/THEN/ELSE statements and DO/WHILE loops. From QUECID

Macro

A set of instructions stored in an executable form. Macros may be application specific (such as a spreadsheet or word processing macro that performs specific steps within that program) or general-purpose (for example, a keyboard macro that types in a user ID when Ctrl-U is pressed on the keyboard). From I-gloss

Madeinlinux

An Italian Linux Distribution. From LWN Distribution List

Maelstrom

Maelstrom is a space combat game, originally ported from the Macintosh platform. Brave pilots get to dodge asteroids and fight off other ships at the same time. From Redhat 8.0 RPM

MagicPoint

MagicPoint is an X11 based presentation tool. MagicPoint's presentation files (typically .mgp files) are plain text so you can create presentation files quickly with your favorite editor. From Redhat 8.0 RPM

Mail

Electronic Mail is a means of exchanging private text messages through the Internet and other networks. Common Unix mail readers include Elm, Pine, and MUSH. It is also possible to read mail across a SLIP connection with a client program connected to a popmail server. From KADOWKEV

Mailbox

In electronix mail, the storage space that has been set aside to store an individual's electronic mail messages. From QUECID

Mailing Lists

A mailing list is a special address that, when posted to, automatically sends email to a long list of other addresses. You usually subscribe to a mailing list by sending some specially formatted email or by requesting a subscription from the mailing list manager. Once you have subscribed to a list, any email you post to the list will be sent to every other subscriber, and every other subscriber's posts to the list will be sent to you. There are mostly three types of mailing lists: the majordomo type, the listserv type, and the *-request type. From Rute-Users-Guide

Maillist (or Mailing List)

A (usually automated) system that allows people to send e-mail to one address, whereupon their message is copied and sent to all of the other subscribers to the maillist. In this way, people who have many different kinds of e-mail access can participate in discussions together. From Matisse

Mainframe

A multi-user computer designed to meet the computing needs of a large organisation. Originally, the term mainframe referred to the metal cabinet that housed the central processing unit (CPU) of early computers. The term came to be used gerneally to refer to the large central computers developed in the late 1950s and 1960s to meet the accounting and information-management needs of large organisations. The largest mainframes can handle thousands of dumb terminals and use terabytes of secondary storage. See minicomputer, personal computer, and workstarion. From QUECID

Maintenance programming

Altering progams after they have been in use for a while. Maintenance programming may be performed to add features, correct bugs that escaped detection during testing, or update key variables (such as the inflation rate) that change over time. From QUECID

Maintenance release

A program revision that corrects a minor bug or makes a minor new feature available, such as a new printer driver. Maintenance relesaes are usually numbered in tenths (3.2) or hundredths (2.01), to distinguish them from mahor program revisions. Synonymous with interim update. From QUECID

MakeTeXPK

create a PK file for a font From whatis

Man

The UNIX/Linux command for reading online manual pages. From I-gloss

Mandrake Linux

MandrakeSoft makes this popular distribution. Originally based on Red Hat Linux, Mandrake Linux has grown into a unique distribution. Mandrake Linux 9.1 (Bamboo) was released March 25, 2003. From LWN Distribution List

Mastodon

Mastodon, version INST0064 was released March 9, 2001. It is a self-booting 360MB CD image, suitable for burning onto a CD-ROM. From LWN Distribution List

Mbps

One million bps, actual number is 1,048,576. From Glossary of Distance Education and Internet Terminology

Megabyte

A million bytes. Actually, technically, 1024 kilobytes. From Matisse

Melon

Website in Japanese. Handhelds/PDA based distribution. From LWN Distribution List

Mesa

A free implementation of the OpenGL API, designed and written by Brian Paul, with contributions from many others. Its performance is competitive, and while it is not officially certified, it is an almost fully compliant OpenGL implementation conforming to the ARB specifications. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

Mesa

An implementation of the OpenGL (Open Graphics Library) API (Application Programming Interface). It provides standard guidelines and a toolset for writing 2D and 3D hardware-assisted graphics software. From I-gloss

Mesa

Mesa is a free implementation of the OpenGL API, designed and written by Brian Paul, with contributions from many others. Its performance is competitive, and while it is not officially certified, it is an almost fully compliant OpenGL implementation conforming to the ARB specifications - more complete than some commercial products out, actually. From 3DFX HOWTO

Metafont

a graphics programming language (like postscript) that has applications wider than just fonts. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

Metcalfe's Law

A philosophical point of view: "The power of the network increases exponentially by the number of computers connected to it. Therefore, the every computer added to the network both uses it as a resource while adding resources in a spiral of increasing value and choice." -- Dr. Bob M. Metcalfe, inventor of Ethernet, co-founder of 3Com, editor-in-chief of InfoWorld. The idea is that the power of the Internet is not simply all the websites that you can access (linear), but the power represented by everyone else also on the Internet (exponential). For example, organizations like http://www.distributed.net/ cannot only harness lots of machines in order to tackle large problems (linear), but they also can exploit the word-of-mouth on the Internet to sign up (exponential). Similarly, consider the growth in sites like http://www.slashdot.org/ that start out as hobbyist sites, but eventually blossom into large money making ventures, tossing pre-Internet-age business philosophies on their ear. Key point: Hacker attacks grow exponentially because more and more hackers are getting online (especially from 3rd world countries) and more and more resources (businesses) are getting online. Key point: The amount of computing resources a hacker can tap into from his/her computer desktop is more than the combined might of all governments and militaries. From Hacking-Lexicon

Midori

Midori Linux, from Transmeta, is an Open Source project for delivering system software on small devices. It includes a build system, a Linux kernel with memory- and storage-conserving features, and system-level support for normal Linux software on platforms which might otherwise require custom "embedded" applications. From LWN Distribution List

Miller, Cliff

president and CEO of TurboLinux, a popular Linux distribution. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

Miller, David

responsible for the TCP/IP coding in the Linux kernel, David Miller is also responsible for UltraPenguin (a project to port Linux to Sparc CPUs), kernel fixes and developments such as fuzzy hashing. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

Mindi Linux

Mindi builds boot/root disk images using your existing kernel, modules, tools and libraries. Version 0.71_20021109 was released November 10, 2002. Version 0.85 was released May 21, 2003. A 'special purpose/mini' distribution. From LWN Distribution List

Miracle Linux

Miracle Linux is a high reliability, scalability and availability server OS for the enterprise market, according to MIRACLE LINUX CORPORATION, the developer of the distribution. MIRACLE LINUX CORPORATION was originally founded by Oracle Corporation Japan. (Currently Oracle Japan owns about 60% of MIRACLE LINUX.) They offer not only "MIRACLE LINUX with Oracle," but also "MIRACLE LINUX for Samba" and "MIRACLE LINUX for PostgreSQL." Japanese distribution From LWN Distribution List

Mirror

Generally speaking, "to mirror" is to maintain an exact copy of something. Probably the most common use of the term on the Internet refers to "mirror sites" which are web sites, or FTP sites that maintain copies of material originated at another location, usually in order to provide more widespread access to the resource. For example, one site might create a library of software, and 5 other sites might maintain mirrors of that library. From Matisse

MkCDrec

mkCDrec makes a bootable disaster recovery image (CDrec.iso), including backups of the Linux system to the same CD-ROM (or CD-RW) if space permits, or to a multi-volume CD-ROM set. Otherwise, the backups can be stored on another local disk, NFS disk or (remote) tape. After a disaster (disk crash or system intrusion) the system can be booted from the CD-ROM and one can restore the complete system as it was (at the time mkCDrec was run). From LWN Distribution List

MkLinux

MkLinux is an open source operating system which consists of an implementation of the Linux operating system hosted on the Mach microkernel. It is estimated that there are somewhere between 50,000 and 100,000 MkLinux users. A significant number of the installed MkLinux systems are being used in mission-critical applications. Pre-R2 was released August 5, 2002. From LWN Distribution List

Mkdir

The Unix command to create a new directory. From KADOWKEV

Mobile IP

specifies enhancements that allow transparent routing of IP datagrams to mobile nodes in the Internet. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

Modem

Shorthand for MODulator/DEModulator, a modem allows the transmission of digital information over an analog phone line. A modem dictionary is available that defines all the basic terms. From KADOWKEV

Modem (MOdulator, DEModulator)

A device that connects a computer to a phone line. A telephone for a computer. A modem allows a computer to talk to other computers through the phone system. Basically, modems do for computers what a telephone does for humans. From Matisse

Modula-2

A high-level programming language that extends Pascal so that the language can execute program modules independently. Developed in 1980 by computer wizard and Pascal creator Niklaus Wirth, Modula-2 supports the separate compilation of program modules and overcomes many other shortcomings of Pascal. A programer working as part of a team can write and compile the module he or she has been assigned, and then test the module extensively before integrating it with other modules. Although Modula-2 is increasingly popular as a teaching language at colleges and universities, C dominates professional software development. See modular progrmming and structured programming. From QUECID

Modular programming

A programming style that braks down program functions into modules, each of which accomplishes one function and contains all the source code and variables needed to accomplish that function. Modular programming is a solution to the problem of very large programs that are difficult to debug and maintain. By segmenting the program into modules that perform clearly defined functions, you can determine the source of program erros more easly. Object-orientated programming languages, such as SmallTalk and HyperTalk, incorporate modular programming principles. From QUECID

Modulation

The conversion of a digital signal to its analog equivalent, especially for the purposes of transmitting signals using telephone lines and modems. See demodulation. From QUECID

Module

In a program, a unit or section that can function on its own. In an integrated program, for instance, you can use the word processing module as though it were a separate, stand-alone program. From QUECID

Monkey Linux

Monkey Linux can be extracted to the DOS filesystem (to the FAT32 too). This is complete small ELF distribution on 5 diskettes. Monkey can run on this minimal HW: 386SX, 4MB RAM, 30MB on IDE HDD. It contains X Windows for any SVGA videocard, support for network, support for 3C5x9, 3c59x, 3c900, NE2000/NE1000, WD80x3 ethernet cards, ATAPI/MITSUMI CD. There are some ready-to-install packages, GCC and kernel source for compiling your own kernel too. Monkey Linux v06 was released May 8, 1997. Documentation is available in English and Czech. From LWN Distribution List

MontaVista Linux

Once known as Hard Hat Linux this embedded distribution from MontaVista, Inc., is more than just another general-purpose Linux distribution. MontaVista provides a cross development platform and a set of tool kits designed specifically for embedded solutions using the x86/IA-32, PowerPC, StrongARM, XScale, MIPS, SH, ARM and an ever expanding array of other microprocessor architectures. Renamed MontaVista Linux with the release of v2.1 on January 29, 2002. MontaVista Linux Professional Edition 3.0 was released November 18, 2002. From LWN Distribution List

Moore's Law

Gordon Moore, one of the founders of Intel, remarked in the late 1960s that computing power seemed to double every 12 to 18 months. This prophecy is remarkably accurate. With the rise of the Internet and computing in our lives, this Law has become a basic feature of our society every much so as Newton's Law's. Key point: Every bit of key length doubles the security, making it twice as difficult to crack. However, because of Moore's Law, every year that passes makes all keys twice as easy to crack. Therefore, if it takes 1-week to break a message encrypted with a 40-bit key, it will likewise take 1-week to break a message encrypted with a 128-bit key roughly 100 years from now. From Hacking-Lexicon

Morphix

Morphix is a modular distribution, with live-CD support. No configuration is necessary, just burn the CD and boot it. Morphix is partly based on KNOPPIX, the rest comes directly from Debian. The initial version, 0.3-2, was released February 27, 2003. Version 0.3-6 was released May 17, 2003. A CD-based distribution. From LWN Distribution List

Morris Worm

Unleashed on the morning of Thursday, November 3, 1988, the Morris Worm essentially crashed the Internet. In true worm fashion, it exploited bugs in several UNIX programs (sendmail, finger) to break into machines. Once in a machine, it would then look for other machines and launch attacks against them. Due to a programming mistake, the Morris Worm would not recognize when it had already broken into a machine. As the worm multiplied, machines would get broken into over and over, eventually overloading the machine and taking it offline. The worm is named after its creator, Robert Tapam Morris. From Hacking-Lexicon

Mosaic

A Web browser created by the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) and placed in the public domain. Though Mosaic was one of the earliest Web browsers, it has been superseded by Netscape Navigator See World Wide Web. From QUECID

Mosaic

The first WWW browser that was available for the Macintosh, Windows, and UNIX all with the same interface. Mosaic really started the popularity of the Web. The source-code to Mosaic was licensed by several companies and used to create many other web browsers. Mosaic was developed at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA), at the Univeristy of Urbana-Champange in Illinois, USA. The first version was released in late 1993. From Matisse

Mosix

a software package that turns a network of GNU/Linux computers into a computer cluster.

Motif

A powerful proprietary graphics library for UNIX/Linux, developed by the Open Software Foundation (OSF) and used by programmers to create buttons, menus and other graphical objects for the X Window System. (Also, see Gtk/Gtk+.) From I-gloss

Motif

A widely-accepted set of user interface guidelines developed by the Open Software Foundation (OSF) around 1989 which specifies how an X Window System application should "look and feel". Motif includes the Motif Toolkit (also called "Xm" or the "Motif widgets"). From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

Mount

Identify a disk drive to the file system before use. From I-gloss

MoviX

MoviX is a CD-ready tiny (~5MB) Slackware-based Linux distribution containing all you need to boot a PC from CD (using syslinux) and automagically play all the avi files you put in the CD root with mplayer through the framebuffer. You can use it to play all your movies, even on a diskless PC. MoviX2 is a related distribution aimed at transforming your PC into a powerful multimedia box. The initial release of MoviX, version 0.2, was announced September 16, 2002. Version 0.8.0rc1 was released June 12, 2003. MoviX2 v0.3.0rc1 was released June 16, 2003. eMoviX is another branch, a micro (7MB) Linux distro meant to be embedded in a CD together with all the video/audio files you want. eMoviX version 0.8.0pre6 was released March 13, 2003. A 'special purpose/mini' distribution. From LWN Distribution List

Mulimidix

Mulimidix is a mini Linux distribution for building a PC-based set-top box and multimedia player system with digital TV, MP3, DivX, etc. support, using VDR, Freevo and other tools. It is currently optimized for i686. Initial version 0.1 was released April 4, 2003. Version 0.1.9pre was released May 17, 2003. A 'special purpose/mini' distribution. From LWN Distribution List

Multi-Point Control Unit (MCU)

Computerized switching system which allows point-to-multipoint videoconferencing. From Glossary of Distance Education and Internet Terminology

Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME)

An Internet standard that specifies how tools, such as electronic mail programs and Web browsers, can transfer multimedia files (including sounds, graphics, and video) via the Internet. Prior to the development of MIME, all data transferred via the Internet had to be coded in ASCII texts See uuencode/uudecode. Multiscan monitor See multiscanning monitor. From QUECID

Multi-tasking

Multi-tasking describes a computer's ability to do more than one task at one particular time. An example may be word processing at the same time the computer is plotting a complex graph in the background. From Faculty-of-Education

Multimedia

Any document which uses multiple forms of communication, such as text, audio, and/or video. From Glossary of Distance Education and Internet Terminology

Multitasking

The ability of an operating system to run more than one program, or task, at a time. A cooperative multitasking OS, like Windows 95/98, requires one application to voluntarily free up resources upon request so another application can use it. A preemptive multitasking OS, such as UNIX/Linux, Windows NT/2000 or OS/2, frees up resources when ordered to by the operating system, on a time-slice basis, or a priority basis, so that one application is unable to hog resources when they are needed by another program. (Also, see Multithreading and Time-sharing.) From I-gloss

Multithreading

The ability of an operating system to concurrently run programs that have been divided into subcomponents, or threads. Multithreading, when done correctly, offers better utilization of processors and other system resources. Multithreaded programming requires a multitasking/multithreading operating system, such as UNIX/Linux, Windows NT/2000 or OS/2, capable of running many programs concurrently. A word processor can make good use of multithreading, because it can spell check in the foreground while saving to disk and sending output to the system print spooler in the background. (Also, see Thread.) From I-gloss

m-tx

A simple music-from-text language for use with MusiXTeX M-Tx is a music-from-text language designed to look as much as possible like printed music. Here is some typical input code: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Title: Net soos ek is Composer: Charlotte Elliott Style: SATB Sharps: 2 Meter: 3/4 PMX: w190m Space: 9 @+5 b4 b b | b2d | a4 a a | a2d | d4 e- f | g2 e4 | d2d of |] L: Net soos ek is, net soos ek is, O Lam van God, ek kom. d4s g f | e2d | e4 f e | d2d | d4 dr d | d2 c4 | d2d |] @^+5 rp | b4 e d | c2d | a4 d c | ( b2d | b2 ) g4 | f2d |] LT: Net soos ek is, O Lam van God, ek kom. a4 a a | g2d | g4 g g | f2d | b4- g+ f | e2 a4- | d2d ofd |] L: Net soos ek is, net soos ek is, O Lam van God, ek kom. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ To run M-Tx, you also need MusiXTeX, musixlyr and PMX, all available as Debian packages. Author: Dirk Laurie <[email protected]> From Debian 3.0r0 APT

m2c

Modula-2 translator (compiler) m2c is a Modula-2 translator. The translator supports Modula-2 versions described in 3rd and 4th editions of famous Wirth's book _Programming_in_Modula-2_. (Note: This is not current Modula-2 ISO standard.) High portability of the translator is achieved by intermediate translation into C. The translator is aimed to be used on Unixes of different flavours. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

m4

A GNU implementation of the traditional UNIX macro processor. M4 is useful for writing text files which can be logically parsed, and is used by many programs as part of their build process. M4 has built-in functions for including files, running shell commands, doing arithmetic, etc. The autoconf program needs m4 for generating configure scripts, but not for running configure scripts. Install m4 if you need a macro processor. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

m4

a macro processing language GNU `m4' is an implementation of the traditional UNIX macro processor. It is mostly SVR4 compatible, although it has some extensions (for example, handling more than 9 positional parameters to macros). `m4' also has builtin functions for including files, running shell commands, doing arithmetic, etc. Autoconf needs GNU `m4' for generating `configure' scripts, but not for running them. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

m68k-vme-tftplilo

Linux kernel TFTP boot loader for m68k VME processor boards. Tftplilo is a highly configurable kernel and ramdisk network boot loader for BVM and Motorola m68k VME processor boards. It provides a mechanism for one or more diskless machines to interactively select a kernel boot configuration from a set of configurations defined in a single text configuration file that is transferred from the host tftp server. Each defined configuration specifies things such as Linux kernel and initial ramdisk file names which are then also transferred from the host tftp server. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

macro

/mak'roh/ n. [techspeak] A name (possibly followed by a formal arg list) that is equated to a text or symbolic expression to which it is to be expanded (possibly with the substitution of actual arguments) by a macro expander. This definition can be found in any technical dictionary; what those won't tell you is how the hackish connotations of the term have changed over time. The term `macro' originated in early assemblers, which encouraged the use of macros as a structuring and information-hiding device. During the early 1970s, macro assemblers became ubiquitous, and sometimes quite as powerful and expensive as HLLs, only to fall from favor as improving compiler technology marginalized assembler programming (see languages of choice). Nowadays the term is most often used in connection with the C preprocessor, LISP, or one of several special-purpose languages built around a macro-expansion facility (such as TeX or Unix's [nt]roff suite). Indeed, the meaning has drifted enough that the collective `macros' is now sometimes used for code in any special-purpose application control language (whether or not the language is actually translated by text expansion), and for macro-like entities such as the `keyboard macros' supported in some text editors (and PC TSR or Macintosh INIT/CDEV keyboard enhancers). From Jargon Dictionary

macro

A command that incorporates a set of other commands. You custom design a command, called a macro, from existing commands. Both the vi editor and the nroff and troff formatters use macros. The mm macro package described in this book is an example of a large collection of nroff and troff macros. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

macro- pref.

Large. Opposite of micro-. In the mainstream and among other technical cultures (for example, medical people) this competes with the prefix mega-, but hackers tend to restrict the latter to quantification. From Jargon Dictionary

macutils

Set of tools to deal with specially encoded Macintosh files macutils is a package that contains a number of utilities that deal with Macintosh files on a Unix system. This is useful for converting BinHex-encoded files to the smaller MacBinary format before transferring them to a Mac. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

madbomber

A Kaboom! clone "Mad Bomber" is a clone of Activision's classic Atari 2600 console game, "Kaboom!," by Larry Kaplan, with spruced-up graphics and sound effects, and music. The Mad Bomber is loose in the city and he's dropping bombs everywhere! It's your job to catch them before they hit the ground and explode. Luckily, you have a set of trusty buckets to extinguish the bombs with. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

madoka

IRC personal proxy, stationing, logger and bot program (pirc). madoka can work as IRC personal proxy server, stationing on the IRC net with logging. and some bot plugins included. madoka is IPv6 compliant with Socket6.pm which is in libsocket6-perl. But Documents are available only Japanese. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

madplay

MPEG audio player in fixed point MAD is an MPEG audio decoder. It currently only supports the MPEG 1 standard, but fully implements all three audio layers (Layer I, Layer II, and Layer III, the latter often colloquially known as MP3.). There is also full support for ID3 tags. All work is done in fixed point, so it even works on machines without a FPU. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mag

computes fontsizes and magsteps From whatis

magic number

In source code, some non-obvious constant whose value is significant to the operation of a program and that is inserted inconspicuously in-line (hardcoded), rather than expanded in by a symbol set by a commented #define. Magic numbers in this sense are bad style. 2. A number that encodes critical information used in an algorithm in some opaque way. 3. pecial data located at the beginning of a binary data file to indicate its type to a utility. Under Unix, the system and various applications programs (especially the linker) distinguish between types of executable file by looking for a magic number. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

magic number

n. [Unix/C; common] 1. In source code, some non-obvious constant whose value is significant to the operation of a program and that is inserted inconspicuously in-line (hardcoded), rather than expanded in by a symbol set by a commented #define. Magic numbers in this sense are bad style. 2. A number that encodes critical information used in an algorithm in some opaque way. The classic examples of these are the numbers used in hash or CRC functions, or the coefficients in a linear congruential generator for pseudo-random numbers. This sense actually predates and was ancestral to the more commonsense 1. 3. Special data located at the beginning of a binary data file to indicate its type to a utility. Under Unix, the system and various applications programs (especially the linker) distinguish between types of executable file by looking for a magic number. Once upon a time, these magic numbers were PDP-11 branch instructions that skipped over header data to the start of executable code; 0407, for example, was octal for `branch 16 bytes relative'. Many other kinds of files now have magic numbers somewhere; some magic numbers are, in fact, strings, like the !<arch> at the beginning of a Unix archive file or the %! leading PostScript files. Nowadays only a wizard knows the spells to create magic numbers. How do you choose a fresh magic number of your own? Simple -- you pick one at random. See? It's magic! The magic number, on the other hand, is 7+/-2. See "The magical number seven, plus or minus two: some limits on our capacity for processing information" by George Miller, in the "Psychological Review" 63:81-97 (1956). This classic paper established the number of distinct items (such as numeric digits) that humans can hold in short-term memory. Among other things, this strongly influenced the interface design of the phone system. From Jargon Dictionary

magic2mime

determine file type From whatis

magicdev

Magicdev is a daemon that runs within the GNOME environment and detects when a CD is removed or inserted. Magicdev handles running autorun programs on the CD, updating the File Manager, and playing audio CDs. From Redhat 8.0 RPM

magicfilter

automatic printer filter. Magicfilter is a customizable, extensible automatic printer filter. It uses its own magic database (` la file(1)) to decide how to print out a given print job. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

magnus

Computational group theory software with GUI The MAGNUS computational group theory package is an innovative symbolic algebra package providing facilities for doing calculations in and about infinite groups. Almost all symbolic algebra systems are oriented toward finite computations that are guaranteed to produce answers, given enough time and resources. By contrast, MAGNUS is concerned with experiments and computations on infinite groups which in some cases are known to terminate, while in others are known to be generally recursively unsolvable. MAGNUS features an intuitive graphical user interface, facilities for running different algorithms on the same problem in parallel, generation of approximations for working on otherwise infeasible problems, genetic algorithms and a plug-in package manager. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

magpie

Debian reference librarian This program acts as a "reference librarian" for the apt(8) and dpkg(8) database, and how that information compares to the actual system. Each package is fully described on an individual page. Three additional package lists are provided: "required by," "recommended by" and "suggested by," as is a link to the Debian bug tracking system. If the package is installed, the page also shows the conffiles and any files in the package which don't match the manifest (if enabled). All package lists provide the "summary" description and the version of the package, if installed. A synopis of all packages (the 'description' field) is available, grouped by section or priority or keyword. A synopsis of all installed packages is also provided. Additional indexes include package name, maintainer, source package, package size, installed size and md5sum. Magpie also has experimental XML support, but no XSL stylesheets have been defined yet. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mah-jong

The original Mah-Jong game This is a set of programs to play the original Mah-Jong game: one server, one client for a human player and one client for a programmed player. Hence the game can be played by 1 to 4 human players. You should keep in mind that the original Mah-Jong game has nothing to do with the well-known solitaire game. (It only uses the same set of tiles.) If you like the game, please consider making a donation to the (upstream) author. Read /usr/share/doc/mah-jong/README.Debian for details. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mail

send and receive mail From whatis

mail-audit-tools

Programs derived from the Mail::Audit package Small programs designed to enhance the Mail::Audit package. These include proc2ma, to convert procmail rc files to mail filters using Mail::Audit, and popread, to act as a replacement for fetchmail. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mail-files

GNU sharutils From whatis

mailagent

An automatic mail-processing tool Mailagent allows you to process your mail automatically. This has far more functionality than procmail, and is easier to configure (providing, of course, that you grok perl). As a mail processing tool, this slices, it dices, it ... Given a set of lex-like rules, you are able to file mails to specific folders (plain Unix-style folders and also MMDF and MH ones), forward messages to a third person, pipe a message to a command or even post the message to a newsgroup. It is also possible to process messages containing some commands. You may also set up a vacation program, which will automatically answer your mail while you are not there, but more flexibly than the Unix command of the same name. You only need to supply a message to be sent and the frequency at which this will occur. Some simple macro substitutions allow you to re-use some parts of the mail header into your vacation message, for a more personalized reply. You may also set up a generic mail server, without the hassle of the lower-level concerns like error recovery, logging or command parsing. The mailagent is not usually invoked manually but is rather called via the filter program, which is in turn invoked by sendmail. That means you must have sendmail/smail on your system to use this. You also must have perl to run the mailagent scripts. It is possible to extend the mailagent filtering commands by implementing them in perl and then having them automagically loaded when used. Please note that on Debian systems, mailagent can not lock /var/spool/mail directory mailboxes, and thus one must put a catch all rule saving all mail in ones home directory. This is because Debian MDA policy requires them to be setgid mail, and making anything as extensible as mailagent setgid anything negates any benefit of having group permission protection. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mailagent

an automatic mail-processing tool From whatis

mailcap

The mailcap file is used by the metamail program. Metamail reads the mailcap file to determine how it should display non-text or multimedia material. Basically, mailcap associates a particular type of file with a particular program that a mail agent or other program can call in order to handle the file. Mailcap should be installed to allow certain programs to be able to handle non-text files. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mailcheck

Check multiple mailboxes/maildirs for mail Mailcheck is a simple, configurable tool that allows multiple mailboxes to be checked for the existence of new mail messages. It supports both mbox and maildir-style mailboxes, for compatibility with most mail transport agents. It also supports remote POP3 and IMAP mailboxes. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mailcrypt

An Emacs interface to the GNU Privacy Guard. Mailcrypt is an Emacs lisp package that provides a simple but powerful interface to cryptographic functions for mail and news. With Mailcrypt, encryption becomes a seamlessly integrated part of your mail and news handling environment. Mailcrypt can automatically fetch public keys to encode, decode, and verify messages, and can be configured to automate mailing through anonymous remailers. Although Mailcrypt may be used to process data in arbitrary Emacs buffers, it is most useful in conjunction with other Emacs packages for handling mail and news. Mailcrypt has specialized support for Rmail, VM, MH-E, and Gnus. Currently XEmacs ships with its own Mailcrypt, so this package should only be used with GNU/Emacs. (I.e., you don't need to install this package if your site uses only XEmacs.) From Debian 3.0r0 APT

maildir-bulletin

Deliver bulletins directly to the users' Maildir. Deliver bulletins directly to the Maildir mail storage of users. Designed to be run from the /etc/aliases file with command-line parameters for which groups to send mail to. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

maildist

mailagent's commands From whatis

maildrop

mail delivery agent with filtering abilities maildrop is a replacement for your local mail delivery agent. maildrop reads a mail message from standard input, then delivers the message to your mailbox. maildrop knows how to deliver mail to mbox-style mailboxes, and maildirs (a mail storing format introduced by Qmail). maildrop can optionally read instructions from a file on how to filter incoming mail, and, based upon the instructions, deliver mail to alternate mailboxes, or forward it to somewhere else, like procmail. Unlike procmail, maildrop uses a structured filtering language that's a bit easier on the eyes. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mailfilter

A program that filters your incoming e-mail to help remove spam. Mailfilter is very flexible utility for UNIX (-like) operating systems to get rid of unwanted e-mail messages, before having to go through the trouble of downloading them to the local computer. It offers support for one or many POP3 accounts and is especially useful for dialup connections via modem, ISDN, etc. Install Mailfilter if you'd like to remove spam from your POP3 mail accounts. With Mailfilter you can define your own filters (rules) to determine which e-mails should be delivered and which are considered waste. Rules are Regular Expressions, so you can make use of familiar options from other mail delivery programs such as e.g. procmail. If you do not get your mail from a POP3-Server you don't need Mailfilter. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mailhelp

mailagent's commands From whatis

mailing list

An e-mail address that is an alias (or macro, though that word is never used in this connection) which is expanded by a mail exploder to yield many other e-mail addresses. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

mailleds

It show new mails with the keyboard-leds The Program mailleds have set the SUID-Bit! Please check the source code! mailleds is a quiet, unobtrusive way to signify that you have new mail: a user daemon to blink LEDs when there is new mail. This package don't have /usr/bin/xmailleds, because this don't work. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

maillist

mailagent's commands From whatis

mailman

Powerful, web-based mailing list manager The GNU Mailing List Manager, which manages email discussion lists much like Majordomo and Smartmail. Unlike most similar products, Mailman gives each mailing list a web page, and allows users to subscribe, unsubscribe, etc. over the web. Even the list manager can administer his or her list entirely from the web. Mailman also integrates most things people want to do with mailing lists, including archiving, mail <-> news gateways, and so on. It has all of the features you expect from such a product, plus integrated support for the web (including web based archiving), automated bounce handling and integrated spam prevention. For more information see http://www.list.org/. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mailpatch

mailagent's commands From whatis

mailq

Mail Transfer Agent From whatis

mailreader

Simple, but powerful WWW mail reader system Mailreader is a light and simple web based mail user agent written in PERL. It has a very simple configuration and works quite well. Mailreader currently supports only POP3 servers. Now it support Japanese locale (libjcode-pm-perl needed - otherwise please ignore this suggestion). Although mailreader's dependencies do not include a POP3 server, it does require an available POP3 server on the network for normal operation. For secure connections (HIGHLY RECOMMENDED!) you need httpd with ssl support. (You can try apache-ssl). From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mailscanner

An email virus scanner and spam tagger. MailScanner is a freely distributable E-Mail gateway virus scanner and spam detector. It uses sendmail or Exim as its basis, and a choice of 7 commercial virus scanning engines to do the actual virus scanning. It can decode and scan attachments intended solely for Microsoft Outlook users (MS-TNEF). If possible, it will disinfect infected documents and deliver them automatically. It also has features which protect it against Denial Of Service attacks. Virus checking is disabled by default, spam checking is enabled by default. After installation, you can enable virus checking, write your own virus scanner or install one of the supported commercial anti-virus packages. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mailshar

GNU sharutils From whatis

mailstat

shows mail-arrival statistics From whatis

mailsync

Synchronize IMAP mailboxes Mailsync is a way of keeping a collection of mailboxes synchronized. The mailboxes may be on the local filesystem or on an IMAP server. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mailto

WWW Forms to Mail Gateway This package provides a CGI program that converts data submitted through a <forms> tag to simple mail that is sent to a given address. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mailtools

Package to facilitate upgrades This package exists to smooth upgrades from the old name of mailtools to the new name of libmailtools-perl. If all dependencies on mailtools are changed to libmailtools-perl, this package can be safely removed. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mailutils

GNU Mailutils mailx client This is GNUs version of mailx. It is capable of speaking POP3, IMAP, and mbox. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mailutils-imap4d

Mailutils-based IMAP4 Daemon GNU Mailutils-based IMAP4 Daemon From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mailutils-pop3d

Mailutils-based POP3 Daemon GNU Mailutils-based POP3 Daemon From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mailx

A simple mail user agent. mailx is the traditional command-line-mode mail user agent. Even if you don't use it it may be required by other programs. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mailx

The mailx package installs the /bin/mail program, which is used to send quick email messages (i.e., without opening up a full-featured mail useragent). Mail is often used in shell scripts. You should install mailx because of its quick email sending ability, which is especially useful if you're planning on writing any shell scripts. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mainframe

The largest and most powerful type of computer system that is widely used. A mainframe typically occupies many cabinets and fills an entire room. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

maint-guide

Debian New Maintainers' Guide This package contains the Debian New Maintainers' Guide. This document will try to describe building of a Debian GNU/Linux package to the common Debian user (and wannabe developer) in common language, and well covered with working examples. Contains following chapters: 1. Getting started "The Right Way" 2. First steps 3. Modifying the source 4. Required stuff under debian/ 5. Other files under debian/ 6. Final steps From Debian 3.0r0 APT

make

A GNU tool for controlling the generation of executables and other non-source files of a program from the program's source files. Make allows users to build and install packages without any significant knowledge about the details of the build process. The details about how the program should be built are provided for make in the program's makefile.The GNU make tool should be installed on your system because it is commonly used to simplify the process of installing programs. From Redhat 8.0 RPM

make

The GNU version of the "make" utility. GNU Make is a program that determines which pieces of a large program need to be recompiled and issues the commands to recompile them, when necessary. More information about GNU Make can be found in the `make' Info page. The upstream sources for this package are available at the location ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/ From Debian 3.0r0 APT

make_smbcodepage

construct a codepage file for Samba From whatis

make_unicodemap

construct a unicode map file for Samba From whatis

makedb

Create simple DB database from textual input. From whatis

makedepend

create dependencies in makefiles From whatis

makedev

Creates device files in /dev. The MAKEDEV executable is used to populate the /dev directory with device files. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

makedev

This package contains the makedev program, which makes it easier to createand maintain the files in the /dev directory. /dev directory files correspond to a particular device supported by Linux (serial or printerports, scanners, sound cards, tape drives, CD-ROM drives, hard drives,etc.) and interface with the drivers in the kernel. The makedev package is a basic part of your Mandrake Linux system and it needs to be installed. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

makedic

A dictionary compiler for KDrill makeedict is the program to help you make custom dictionary file for KDrill. In particular, this is the program use to create the kanadic drill files. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

makefile

A file that instructs the program make how to compile and link a program. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

makeg

make a debuggable executable From whatis

makeindex

a general purpose, formatter-independent index processor From whatis

makeinfo

translate Texinfo documents From whatis

makejvf

generate VF file from japanese TeX TFM file for dvips For japanese font, the real size of PS font and information of TFM file is a bit different and this causes unexpected output so we need VF file to fix this situation. This package provide a tool to generate such VF files from TFM files. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

makempx

typeset labels in MetaPost pictures with TeX or Troff From whatis

makepasswd

Generate and encrypt passwords Generates true random passwords by using the /dev/random feature of Linux, with the emphasis on security over pronounceability. It can also encrypt plaintext passwords given on the command line. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

makepatch

generate/apply patch files with more functionality than plain diff This package contains a pair of programs, makepatch and applypatch, to assist in the generation and application of patch kits to synchronise source trees. makepatch knows about common conventions for patch kits (it generates Index: and Prereq: lines, it patches patchlevel.h first, it can use manifest files), plus it prepends some shell code which if run will take care adding directories, removing files, setting execute mode on scripts, and the like. applypatch uses some extra data supplied by makepatch to verify both the patch and the source directory before applying the patch. Afterwards it will clean up the directory tree plus fix up the permissions and even the timestamps on the patched files. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

makepsres

Build PostScript resource database file. From whatis

makestrs

makes string table C source and header(s) From whatis

makexvpics

updates .xvpics thumbnails from the command line This package includes a shell script and a C helper program to update XV/Gimp/zgv/xzgv thumbnails from the command line. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

malaga-bin

A system for automatic language analysis Malaga is a system for implementing natural language analysers: both grammars and morphologies can be created. You will not be needing this package if you do not intend to do research on computer linguistics or develop computer programs that need to do advanced processing of natural languages. This package contains a set of standalone programs that can be used in developing and playing with grammars and morphologies. One of the programs uses a Tk/TCL module for displaying graphical analysis trees. Malaga support for Emacs is also included. To read the documentation in this package you will need a basic TeX environment, particularly the standard Computer Modern fonts and a DVI file viewer, which are included in the Debian tetex-bin and tetex-base packages. Alternatively, you can install the malaga-doc package, which contains the same documentation in HTML and PostScript form. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

malsync

Utility to sync AvantGo channels with a 3Com Pilot PDA malsync is a small utility that communicates between a 3Com Pilot and the AvantGo webservers (and other MAL enabled servers). From Debian 3.0r0 APT

malware

In an abstract world, the world consists of plants and animals (flora and fauna). Hardware makes up the flora, automated programs with a life of their own make up the malware. Examples: viruses/virii, Trojan Horses, RATs (Remote Administration Trojans), spiders, bots, logic bombs. From Hacking-Lexicon

man

The man package includes three tools for finding information and/or documentation about your Linux system: man, apropos and whatis. The man system formats and displays on-line manual pages about commands or functions on your system. Apropos searches the whatis database (containing short descriptions of system commands) for a string. Whatis searches its own database for a complete word. The man package should be installed on your system because it is the primary way for find documentation on a Mandrake Linux system. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

man

macros to format man pages From whatis

man page

Every version of UNIX comes with an extensive collection of online help pages called man pages (short for manual pages). The man pages are the authoritative about your UNIX system. They contain complete information about both the kernel and all the utilities.

man-db

The on-line manual pager This package provides the man command, the primary way of examining the on-line help files (manual pages). Other utilities provided include the whatis and apropos commands for searching the manual page database, the manpath utility for determining the manual page search path, and the maintenance utilities mandb, catman and zsoelim. man-db uses the groff suite of programs to format and display the manual pages. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

man-in-the-middle attack

An attacker where the hacker interposes himself in the middle between two people. Culture: Historically, when talking about such attacks, the hacker is given male names starting with the letter M (like Mallory, Mark, Mawry, etc.). Key point: This often means that both sides of a connection really need to authenticate themselves. For example, when you log into a server, you really want to be assured it is the real server you are talking to, rather than Mark who is forwarding your requests to the real server using your identity. Key point: In the year 2000, Dug Song released a toolkit for interposing yourself in between SSL and SSH connections. It relies upon the fact that client systems do not validate the certificates on the server. Therefore, the man-in-the-middle attack can present any certificate to the client, which will not realize it is not the certificate of the server. From Hacking-Lexicon

man-pages

A large collection of man pages (documentation) from the Linux Documentation Project (LDP). From Redhat 8.0 RPM

man-pages

A large collection of man pages (reference material) from the LinuxDocumentation Project (LDP). The man pages are organized into the following sections: Section 1: User commands (intro only) Section 2: System calls Section 3: Libc calls Section 4: Devices (e.g., hd, sd) Section 5: File formats and protocols (e.g., wtmp, /etc/passwd, nfs) Section 6: Games (intro only) Section 7: Conventions, macro packages, etc. (e.g., nroff, ascii) Section 8: System administration (intro only) Section 9: Kernel internal routines From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

man2html

Turns a web-browser and an httpd-server into a man pager. Point your webbrowser at http://your.site/cgi-bin/man2html and you got your manpages in the browser. Features: * Fast C CGI program for man/BSD-mandoc to HTML conversion. * Works from the unformatted nroff/troff source. * Source may be compressed. * Does tbl tables (but not eqn equations). * Generates hypertext links to foobar(1), abc@host, and xyzzy.h files * CGI script for whatis-based alpha-indexes by section. * CGI script for name-only alpha-indexes by section. * CGI script for full text search (requires glimpse) * Front-end script to talk to a pre-launched netscape. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mandb

create or update the manual page index caches From whatis

mandrake-galaxy

This package displays an html file allowing users to launch browsers to other html pages (Mandrake web sites or local html documentation) or to launch Mandrake applications such as the Mandrake Control Center. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mandrake-mime

This package contains all MIME type files not provided by desktop environment. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mandrake-release

Mandrake Linux release file. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mandrake_desk

This package contains useful icons, backgrounds and others goodies for the Mandrake desktop. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

manedit

A GTK+-based Enhanced ManPage Editor ManEdit was created due to a lack of editors for UNIX manual pages, since users expect each UNIX program/configuration/api/etc to have a manual page the lack of an editor and the high demand for what it should create eventually lead to this (long overdue) application. Although most resourced developers can create a source document using a much more advanced editor and then export to multiple file formats, the average UNIX contributor isn't up to that. Even the creators of this application were intimidated at the UNIX manual page creation process. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mangoquest

The Blue Mango Quest, a first person maze game Pacman meets Doom This brings the third dimension into the classical game of pacman: run arround a maze eating pills and power ups while you avoid being eaten by ghostly fiends. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

manpages

Man pages about using a Linux system. This package contains the Linux man pages for these sections: * 4 = Devices (e.g. hd, sd). * 5 = File formats and protocols, syntaxis of several system files (e.g. wtmp, /etc/passwd, nfs). * 7 = Conventions and standards, macro packages, etc. (e.g. nroff, ascii). Sections 1, 6 and 8 are provided by the respective applications. This package only includes the intro man page describing the section. The man pages describe syntaxis of several system files. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

manpath

determine search path for manual pages From whatis

manpath

format of the /etc/manpath.config file From whatis

mantis

A php/MySQL/web based bug tracking system. Php3 version Mantis is a php/MySQL/web based bug tracking system. The software resides on a webserver while any web browser should be able to function as a client. It is released under the terms of the GNU GPL. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

manued-el

Minor mode for manued proofreading method Manued is a method for proofreading of manuscripts, proposed by Ikuo TAKEUCHI in No.39 Programming symposium of Japan. Manued is a media independent proofreading method, however, it is especially effective for exchanging electric texts via E-mail. Manued.el is an emacs lisp implementation for supporting manued method. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

maradns

A simple DNS server, aimed to be secure This DNS server has the following goals: Security. A DNS server needs to be secure. It has a number of security features in the code, including: 1.The code uses a special string library which is resistant to buffer overflows. 2.The code, if started as root, mandates running as an unprivledged user in a chroot() jail. Open-Source. This DNS server is public-domain code. There are no restrictions attached to this code. Simplicity. This DNS server has the minimum number of features needed to correctly act as an authoritative name server for a domain. MaraDNS can be found from http://www.maradns.org From Debian 3.0r0 APT

marbles

A game where you build figures out of colored marbles The goal of this game is to create a more or less complex figure out of single marbles within a time limit to reach the next level. Sounds easy? Well, there is a problem: If a marble starts to move, it will not stop until it hits a wall or another marble. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

marlais

An interpreter for a Dylan-like language Marlais is a simple-minded interpreter for a programming language strongly resembling Dylan. Dylan is an object oriented language similar to Lisp that uses infix syntax rather than prefix syntax. Marlais can use either syntax. This is a "hackers release" and is intended as a vehicle for education and experimentation. If you are interested in using Dylan you may also wish to look at the gwydion-dylan package. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mason

Interactively creates a Linux packet filtering firewall. Mason creates a firewall that exactly matches the types of TCP/IP traffic flowing in, out and through a Linux computer. It can be used to create a full firewall or add rules to an existing firewall. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

masqmail

A mailer for hosts without permanent internet connection MasqMail is a MTA (mail transport agent) and POP3 client for hosts that don't have a permanent internet connection, eg. a home network or a single host at home. It has special support for connections to different ISPs, and will work nicely along with the masqdialer. In these cases, MasqMail is a slim replacement for full-blown MTAs such as sendmail, exim, qmail or postfix. The POP3 client can be a small replacement for other full-featured tools like fetchmail. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

masquerade

An attack where somebody forges their identity, either by supplying false credentials when authenticating or by hijacking existing connections through man-in-the-middle attacks. From Hacking-Lexicon

mass storage device

A piece of equipment, such as a disk or tape drive, that stores large amounts of data relatively inexpensively. Although these devices cost less than the main memory in a computer system, they are much slower to access. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

matchbox

A X11 Window manager for handheld devices Matchbox is a X11 window manager designed for computers with little screen real estate, limited input devices and low cpu/storage resources. Touchscreen PDA's fit well into this category. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mathwar

A flash card game designed to teach maths. A GTK application that teaches kids (and adults) how to respond quickly to math problems using flash cards and timers. It includes a Computer player, where the player gets to decide if the Computer is right or not. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

matrem

An experiment in Artificial life Matrem is a computer program that simulates life. It belongs to the emerging science of "artificial life", which studies evolution and complex systems in general by simulation. Matrem is also a game, where players compete to create the fittest life form. Their efforts are the driving force behind the program. This package provides a binary generated from the original sources. You can study the evolution of the default world and species. If you wish to add your own species you will need to download and modify the source code. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mattrib

change MSDOS file attribute flags TQ From whatis

matwrap

A wrapper generator for matrix languages Matwrap is a tool for interfacing C++ code into matrix-oriented scripting languages such as Octave, Tela or Matlab 5. It generates all the code to convert from the scripting language's internal types into the types that your C++ code understands (e.g., double, char *, float *, struct abc *). You do not need to understand any of the API details of the language to use your C++ code; just give matwrap a .h file describing your functions. Brief list of features: - Functions are automatically vectorized. - Arguments containing dimensions of other vector and matrix arguments can be computed automatically and need not be specified. - Pointers to structures and classes are supported. Public member functions of classes may be called, and public data members may be evaluated or set. Inheritance is supported. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mawk

a pattern scanning and text processing language Mawk is an interpreter for the AWK Programming Language. The AWK language is useful for manipulation of data files, text retrieval and processing, and for prototyping and experimenting with algorithms. Mawk is a new awk meaning it implements the AWK language as defined in Aho, Kernighan and Weinberger, The AWK Programming Language, Addison-Wesley Publishing, 1988. (Hereafter referred to as the AWK book.) Mawk conforms to the Posix 1003.2 (draft 11.3) definition of the AWK language which contains a few features not described in the AWK book, and mawk provides a small number of extensions. Mawk is smaller and much faster than gawk. It has some compile-time limits such as NF = 32767 and sprintf buffer = 1020. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mawk

pattern scanning and text processing language From whatis

maxima

A fairly complete computer algebra system. This system MAXIMA is a COMMON LISP implementation due to William F. Schelter, and is based on the original implementation of Macsyma at MIT, as distributed by the Department of Energy. I now have permission from DOE to make derivative copies, and in particular to distribute it under the GNU public license. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mayavi

A scientific data visualization system. MayaVi is a Python application using The Visualization Toolkit. It also provides modules which are a handy interface to VTK internals in Python. It features an easy to use GUI, and lets you save the visualized scene to PostScript file, PPM/BMP/TIFF/JPEG/PNG image, Open Inventor, VRML or RenderMan RIB files. And a lot more! MayaVi can be easily modified to do things differently. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mbadblocks

tests a floppy disk, and marks the bad blocks in the FAT TQ From whatis

mboxgrep

Grep through mailboxes mboxgrep is a small utility that scans either standard Unix mailboxes, Gnus nnml or nnmh mailboxes, MH mailboxes or Maildirs, and displays messages matching a basic, extended, or Perl-compatible regular expression. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mbr

Master Boot Record for IBM-PC compatible computers. This is used in booting Linux from the hard disk. The MBR runs first, then transfers control to LILO, which transfers control to the Linux kernel. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mbr

master boot record - The first sector of the disk; this is the sector that the BIOS reads in and starts when the machine is first booted. The master boot record contains a small program which reads the partition table, checks which partition is active (that is, marked bootable), and reads the first sector of that partition, the partition's boot sector. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

mbxcopy

copy or move messages to a new mailbox From whatis

mbxcreat

create a new mailbox From whatis

mbxcvt

copy or move messages to a new mailbox, converting mailbox format From whatis

mbxmove

copy or move messages to a new mailbox From whatis

mc

Midnight Commander - A powerful file manager. - normal version Midnight Commander is a feature-rich file manager. It has mouse support in a linux console and in an xterm. It started as a Norton Commander clone but now it is far superior to it. Among other things it can do FTP, includes a hex editor, comes with an internal editor which can be invoked separately as 'mcedit' and lets you do most system administration tasks. Browsing, unpacking and installation of Debian packages is possible by just pressing enter on a *.deb file. Handling of other archive formats like rpm, zip, zoo and tar.gz is equally supported. This version comes with undelete for ext2 filesystems compiled in. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mc-common

Common files for mc and gmc These are the files the midnight commander and the midnight commander GNOME version have in common. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mc-foo

an advanced, learning, mp3 jukebox MC Foo is an advanced, adaptive and learning mp3 jukebox server. -continuous music playing -learns what music you like and dislike -no static playlists; uses a playqueue you can view and alter -can be controlled from any hosts and even with infrared remote controllers -allows multiple user/preference profiles, according to whose listening and his or her mood Note that MC Foo is in the early stages of development, and not everything works yet. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mcat

dump raw disk image TQ From whatis

mcd

change MSDOS directory TQ From whatis

mcl

the Markov Cluster algorithm The MCL package is an implementation of the Markov Cluster algorithm, and offers utilities for manipulating sparse matrices (the essential data structure in the MCL algorithm) and conducting cluster experiments. For additional information on the MCL algorithm, see the pointers found at <http://members.ams.chello.nl/svandong/>. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mconfig

Kernel configuration tool mconfig is a tool to configure a Linux kernel. Unlike the scripts that come with kernel source it has a grammar written in yacc and that is compiled once not for each new kernel release. It supports severals interfaces modes for different uses. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mcookie

generate magic cookies for xauth From whatis

mcopy

copy MSDOS files to/from Unix TQ From whatis

mcrypt

Replacement for old unix crypt(1) mcrypt is a simple crypting program, intended to be replacement for the old unix crypt(1). More information can be found at the mcrypt homepage http://mcrypt.hellug.gr/ . From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mctools-lite

A CD player and audio mixer for X McTools-lite consists of a CD-ROM audio player with playlists and a database, a mixer control program, and a versatile file requester for shell scripts. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

md5sum

generates or checks MD5 message digests From whatis

md5sum.textutils

compute and check MD5 message digest From whatis

mdadm

Manage MD devices aka Linux Software Raid mdadm is a program that can be used to create, manage, and monitor MD devices. As such it provides a similar set of functionality to the raidtools packages. Unlike raidtools, mdadm can perform (almost) all of its functions without having a configuration file. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mdel

delete an MSDOS file mdeltree - recursively delete an MSDOS directory and its contents TQ From whatis

mdeltree

recursively delete an MSDOS directory and its contents TQ From whatis

mdetect

mouse device autodetection tool mdetect is a tool for autoconfiguring mice; it is typically used as the backend to some user-friendly frontend code. mdetect writes the autodetected mouse device and protocol (as used by gpm) to standard output. It can be invoked so as to produce output appropriate for XFree86 X server configuration files. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mdidentd

ident daemon that permits fake identd Mdidentd is a special ident daemon that permits processes to set their own fake ident replies regardless of the userid they are running under. For normal ident to work, a normal ident daemon must be installed as well. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mdir

display an MSDOS directory TQ From whatis

mdk

MIX Development Kit MDK stands for MIX Development Kit, and provides tools for developing and executing, in a MIX virtual machine, MIXAL programs. The MIX is Donald Knuth's mythical computer, described in the first volume of The Art of Computer Programming, which is programmed using MIXAL, the MIX assembly language. MDK includes a MIXAL assembler (mixasm) and a MIX virtual machine (mixvm) with a command line interface. In addition, a GTK+ GUI to mixvm, called gmixvm, and a Guile interpreter with an embedded MIX virtual machine called mixguile, are provided. Using these interfaces, you can debug your MIXAL programs at source code level, and read/modify the contents of all the components of the MIX computer (including block devices, which are simulated using the file system). From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mdk-menu-messages

This package includes that translations of the main menu used by the different desktops and window managers of the distribution; as well as translations used by specifically added features. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mdkkdm

Mdk kdm. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mdklaunchhelp

This package allows to launch khelpcenter or change khelpcenter page. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mdkonline

The Mandrake Online tool is designed for registered users who want to upload their configuration (packages, hardware infos). This allows them to be kept informed about security updates, hardware support/enhancements and other high value services. Since 9.1 MandrakeClub and MandrakeOnline have been merged. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mdu

display the amount of space occupied by an MSDOS directory TQ From whatis

meat-grinder

a graphical front end for tar From whatis

med-bio

Debian Med bioinformatics packages This meta package will install bioinformatics related Debian packages for use in medical research. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

med-dent

Debian Med packages for dental practice This meta package will install Debian packages which build a system for managing a dental practice. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

medusa

The GNOME search/indexing package Medusa is software that allows you to quickly search your system for particular types of files, using an index. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

megahal

a conversation simulator that can learn as you talk to it Conversation simulators are computer programs which give the appearance of conversing with a user in natural language. Such programs are effective because they exploit the fact that human beings tend to read much more meaning into what is said than is actually there; we are fooled into reading structure into chaos, and we interpret non-sequitur as valid conversation. MegaHAL differs from conversation simulators such as Eliza in that it uses a Markov Model to learn how to hold a conversation. It is possible to teach MegaHAL to talk about new topics, and in different languages. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

melon

Mail notifier with configurable icons, xbiff replacement Melon is a simple utility that notifies user for newly received emails, through a couple of configurable icons. In short it is an xbiff replacement. It supports multiple mailboxes, acoustic warnings, execution of external programs on request. Since Melon's check is based on the change time of a file, it is able to monitor every kind of files, not just mailboxes. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

members

Shows the members of a group; by default, all members. members is the complement of groups: whereas groups shows the groups a specified user belongs to, members shows users belonging to a specified group. Given the name of a group, members will send a space-separated list of member names to stdout. Full option parsing has been added as of this version. You can ask for primary members, secondary members, both on one line, each on separate lines. If no option is selected, prints all members on one line by default. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

memoization

A extension library that adds memoization support to CMU-CL. The library adds support not only to memoize functions, but also to have persistent memoization information recording to CMU-CL. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

memopanel

Memo on the GNOME panel MemoPanel applet allows you to put a memo on the GNOME panel. Basic features are follows: stay on panel (GNOME applet) , i18n support, multi line display, strftime support in memo, color and font changeable, alert schedule URL caller, Ext launcher, IMAP/POP3 mail check, Screenshot From Debian 3.0r0 APT

memprof

memory profiler and leak detector Memprof is a tool for profiling memory usage and detecting memory leaks. It can be used with existing binaries without need for recompilation. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

memstat

Identify what's using up virtual memory. Lists all the processes, executables, and shared libraries that are using up virtual memory. It's helpful to see how the shared memory is used and which 'old' libs are loaded. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

memtest86

A thorough real-mode memory tester. Memtest86 scans your RAM for errors. This tester runs independently of any OS - it is run at computer boot-up, so that it can test *all* of you memory. You may want to look at `memtest' (in package `sysutils'), which allows to test your memory within Linux, but this one won't be able to test your whole RAM. This used to be part of the hwtools package, which still contains another real-mode memory tester optimized for mmx machines (but less actively maintained). It can output a list of bad RAM regions usable by the BadRAM kernel patch, so that you can still use you old RAM with one or 2 bad bits. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mencal

A menstruation calendar Mencal is a menstruation calendar written in Perl. It looks like linux program cal. The difference is, that in mencal some days are colored red. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mentor

A collection of algorithm animations Mentor encapsulates the Zeus animation library for Modula-3 into a single application. Zeus itself is not very well documented, but a summary of the animations which are part of the mentor application is available at: http://www.research.digital.com/SRC/zeus/home.html From Debian 3.0r0 APT

menu

Functions and actions of a program can be reached via a menu. Menus usually offer submenus that drop down from it. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

menu

The intent of this package is to streamline the menu's. For this purpose, menu provides an "update-menus" command, that will read all installed menufiles (as provided by other packages in /usr/lib/menu), and run the frontends for various window managers in /etc/menu-methods to create startup files for the window managers (or pdmenu). The user and system admin can easily override the menu files on a by-user or by-system bases. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

menu

provides update-menus functions for some applications The intent of this package is to streamline the menu's (like the fvwm2 ones) in debian. For this purpose, menu provides an "update-menus" command, that will read all installed menu files (as provided by other packages in /usr/lib/menu), and run the frontents for various window-managers in /etc/menu-methods to create startup files for the window managers (or pdmenu). The user and system admin can easily override the menu files on a by-user or by-system bases. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

menudrake

Menudrake is a menu editor for the Mandrake Linux distribution. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mercury

New logic/functional programming language Mercury is a new logic/functional programming language, which combines the clarity and expressiveness of declarative programming with advanced static analysis and error detection features. Its highly optimized execution algorithm delivers efficiency far in excess of existing logic programming systems, and close to conventional programming systems. Mercury addresses the problems of large-scale program development, allowing modularity, separate compilation, and numerous optimization/time trade-offs. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

merge

three-way file merge From whatis

mergelib

merge one library into another From whatis

mergelog

A tool for merging http logfiles A small and fast C program which merges and sorts http log files in 'Common Log Format' from web servers behind round-robin DNS. It has been designed to easily manage huge log files from highly stressed servers. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

merlin-clock

Gnome Clock Applet This GNOME applet displays the time and date in a compact manner. See http://nitric.com/freeware/ for a screenshot of Merlin's Clock Applet. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

merlin-cpufire

GNOME panel applet that displays the CPU load as a fire. See a screenshot of Merlin's Applet on http://nitric.com/freeware/ From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mesademos

Example programs for Mesa (and OpenGL in general) Mesa demonstration programs, SGI sample code, and source code examples from the _OpenGL Programming Guide_ ("the Red Book"), the _OpenGL Reference Manual_ ("the Blue Book") and _Programming OpenGL for the X Window System_ ("the Green Book") Although some of the demos generate "pretty pictures", they are much more valuable in source code form. They were written in the first place for the OpenGL programmer to study and learn from. In order to compile the demos you'll need a package providing libgl-dev, as well as libglut-dev. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mesag3

A 3-D graphics library which uses the OpenGL API [libc6]. Mesa is a 3-D graphics library with an API which is very similar to that of OpenGL*. To the extent that Mesa utilizes the OpenGL command syntax or state machine, it is being used with authorization from Silicon Graphics, Inc. However, the author makes no claim that Mesa is in any way a compatible replacement for OpenGL or associated with Silicon Graphics, Inc. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mesag3+ggi

A 3-D graphics library which uses the OpenGL API [libc6]. Mesa is an OpenGL-compliant API that takes advantage of acceleration features of many cards, transparently in a number of environments. This package contains support for GGI targets; do not install this unless you are running KGI or plan to develop berlin or other apps based on GGI. X support is still included. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mesag3-glide2

A 3-D graphics library which uses the OpenGL API [libc6]. Mesa is a 3-D graphics library with an API which is very similar to that of OpenGL*. To the extent that Mesa utilizes the OpenGL command syntax or state machine, it is being used with authorization from Silicon Graphics, Inc. However, the author makes no claim that Mesa is in any way a compatible replacement for OpenGL or associated with Silicon Graphics, Inc. This version of mesa is only for use with 3DFX based graphics cards. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

meschach

library for performing operations on matrices and vectors Meschach is a library of routines written in C for matrix computations. These include operations for basic numerical linear algebra; routines for matrix factorisations; solving systems of equations; solving least squares problems; computing eigenvalues, eigenvectors and singular values;sparse matrix computations including both direct and iterative methods. This package makes use of the features of the C programming language: data structures, dynamic memory allocation and deallocation, pointers, functions as parameters and objects. Meschach has a number of self-contained data structures for matrices, vectors and other mathematical objects. Web site: ftp://ftpmaths.anu.edu.au/pub/meschach/meschach.html From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mesg

control write access to your terminal From whatis

message

In cryptography, you will often hear the word message in reference to any data. Culturally, this comes from back during WW-II era when the only thing encrypted were messages. These days we have encrypted communication channels (with no real message boundaries) and encrypted files, but conceptually we still model the problem of cryptography around messages. From Hacking-Lexicon

meta

/me't*/ or /may't*/ or (Commonwealth) /mee't*/ adj.,pref. [from analytic philosophy] One level of description up. A metasyntactic variable is a variable in notation used to describe syntax, and meta-language is language used to describe language. This is difficult to explain briefly, but much hacker humor turns on deliberate confusion between meta-levels. See hacker humor. From Jargon Dictionary

meta bit

n. The top bit of an 8-bit character, which is on in character values 128-255. Also called high bit, alt bit, or (rarely) hobbit. Some terminals and consoles (see space-cadet keyboard) have a META shift key. Others (including, mirabile dictu, keyboards on IBM PC-class machines) have an ALT key. See also bucky bits. Historical note: although in modern usage shaped by a universe of 8-bit bytes the meta bit is invariably hex 80 (octal 0200), things were different on earlier machines with 36-bit words and 9-bit bytes. The MIT and Stanford keyboards (see space-cadet keyboard) generated hex 100 (octal 400) from their meta keys. From Jargon Dictionary

metacam

extract EXIF information from digital camera files EXIF stands for Exchangeable Image File Format, and is a standard for storing interchange information in image files, especially those using JPEG compression. Most digital cameras now use the EXIF format. The format is part of the DCF standard created by JEIDA to encourage interoperability between imaging devices. In addition to the standard EXIF fields, MetaCam also supports vendor-specific extensions from Nikon, Olympus, Canon and Casio. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

metacharacter

A character that is used to carry a special meaning, such as a caret (^, beginning of line), a dollar sign ($, end of line), or an asterisk (*, match any character). To use one of these characters without special meaning, you must either precede it with a backslash (\) or enclose it within quotation marks. Bypassing the special meaning of a metacharacter is called escaping or quoting the character. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

metacharacter (shell metacharacters)

A metacharacter is one that represents some other concept rather than itself. For example, in entering in filenames, the metacharacter '*' doesn't represent an astrisk, but instead tells the system to match on any character. For example, looking for the filename "*.txt" will look for all files ending in the real characters ".txt". On UNIX, the most important characters are "shell" metacharacters. The reason they are important is because the shell is often used by one program to spawn another. This means that input provided to the parent program will be passed to the shell, then to the child program. If a hacker can craft special input using metacharacters, the hacker may be able to cause that shell to do something unexpected. E-mail address: A classic example is a webpage containing a FORM that asks for a user's e-mail address. The software (such as a CGI script) will often just invoke the 'mail' program using the shell. By inserting shell metacharacters into the field for the email address, a hacker may be able to execute some other program on the web server. Example: Some UNIX shell metacharacters are: [] () {} ~ # $ ^ & * \ | ; <> ? ` ' | (pipe) The pipe metacharacter links two command-line programs together, causing the output from the first program to become the input into the second program. Hackers don't care about redirecting input/output, but they will use the pipe simply as a way of confusing the shell into executing a second program. When a hacker attempts to break into a webserver, one of the first things they will do is to look for all the forms on the website and provide input containing pipe characters to see if they can force the system to execute commands. ; (semicolon) Similar to the pipe metacharacter in its ability to run multiple programs at once. However, the semicolon simply launches the programs without redirecting input/output. ` (back-quote, back-tick) The backwards quote metacharacter is similar to the pipe in that it can take the output from one command and pass it another. In this case, the output of the second program is provided as command-line input into the first. $ (dollar sign) The dollar sign prefixes a variable name. Thus, the string $FOO represents the value of the variable named "FOO" rather than the letters 'F', 'O', 'O'. In particular, you'll commonly see $IFS in attacks, where the IFS variable indicates the character used to separate lines in the shell. && and || These are logical operations used in shell programming. They look at the "result" of a program and "conditionally" execute other programs. A hacker doesn't care about this intended use, but can instead use these as yet another way to execute additional commands. See also: taint, CGI From Hacking-Lexicon

metacity

A lightweight GTK2 based Window Manager. Metacity is a small (<6K lines of code) window manager, using gtk2 to do everything. As HP says, metacity is a "Boring window manager for the adult in you. Many window managers are like Marshmallow Froot Loops; Metacity is like Cheerios." From Debian 3.0r0 APT

metamail

An implementation of MIME. Metamail is an implementation of MIME (Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extensions), a proposed standard for multimedia electronic mail on the Internet. Metamail is configurable and extensible via the "mailcap" mechanism described in an informational RFC that is a companion to the MIME document. Metamail can be used to turn virtually any mail reader program into a multimedia mail reader. For information about how to change mail readers so that they can use Metamail, please read the file `/usr/share/doc/metamail/mailers.txt.gz'. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

metamail

Metamail is a system for handling multimedia mail, using the mailcapfile. Metamail reads the mailcap file, which tells Metamail what helper program to call in order to handle a particular type of non-text mail. Note that metamail can also add multimedia support to certain non-mail programs. Metamail should be installed if you need to add multimedia support to mail programs and some other programs, using the mailcap file. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mew

Messaging in the Emacs World Mew is an interface to integrate - Email - MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) - PGP (Pretty Good Privacy) and to make it easy to view and compose them. Thread, POP biff, POP folder, and icon-based interface are supported. More information is available at http://www.Mew.org/. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mew-bin

The external commands for Mew Mew has thrown away IM and is being implemented purely by Elisp with these external commands: - The mewencode utility encode/decode MIME objects. - The mewls utility extracts necessary fields from messages stored in folders. - The incm utility incoporates new mails from the mbox or the maildir to Mew's inbox folder. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mf

Metafont, a language for font and logo design From whatis

mformat

add an MSDOS filesystem to a low-level formatted floppy disk TQ From whatis

mfpic

Define Tex/LaTeX commands to draw using metafont/metapost MFpic defines a command group \mfpic...\endmfpic (optionally in LaTeX an environment mfpic) and drawing commands to be used inside this group. When TeX (or LaTeX) is run on a file containing those commands, a Metafont or MetaPost source file is created. When that file is correctly processed by Metafont (or MetaPost), and LaTeX or TeX is run again, the result is a figure in the TeX document in the location of the environment. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mft

translate Metafont code to TeX code for prettyprinting From whatis

mfw

Metafont, a language for font and logo design From whatis

mgapdesk

X configuration tool for Matrox video card. Configuration tool for Xfree86 version 4.x to set up your X-server to support single and dual monitors. Support for Matrox Millennium G200, G400 and G450 cards. For best operation you should download the Matrox HAL library from the Matrox homepage. But this tool works without it even if it complains because the xserver can not use all config options. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mgdiff

xdiff clone mgdiff is modeled after xdiff and provides a nice graphical interface for comparing the contents of two text files. rmgdiff recurses down two directories collating difference information and invoking mgdiff whenever two text files differ. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mgetty

Smart Modem getty replacement Mgetty is a versatile program to handle all aspects of a modem under Unix. This package includes basic modem data capabilities. Install mgetty-fax to get the additional functionality for fax. Install mgetty-voice to get the functionality to operate voice modems. Mgetty is also configurable to select programs other than login for special connections (eg: uucico, fido or other programs) depending on the login userid. It also supports caller-id if the modem and phone line supply it, and can deny connections based on originating telephone number. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mgm

A highly configurable, very gaudy system load meter MGM is the Moaning Goat Meter, a system load monitor along the lines of procmeter3 but much prettier (and with a much higher resource usage). It's written in Perl/Tk, uses a nice antialiased Helvetica font, is configurable with X resource, and can have a larger memory footprint than Emacs. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mgp

MagicPoint- an X11 based presentation tool MagicPoint is an X11 based presentation tool. It is designed to make simple presentations easy while to make complicated presentations possible. Its presentation file (whose suffix is typically .mgp) is just text so that you can create presentation files quickly with your favorite editor (e.g. Emacs). From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mgt

a game record display/editor for the oriental game of go Mgt allows the user to examine Go game tree files in the SmartGo format. Mgt also has basic Go game tree editing capabilities and may be used to create or edit game tree files. Mailgo is a utility which manages E-mail Go games using mgt as the Go board editor. It is included in the mgt package. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mh-book

MH & nmh: Email for Users & Programmers online book This is the book written by Jerry Peek and published by O'Reilly & Associates, Inc. This book covers MH, nmh, and several interfaces to MH including xmh, exmh and mh-e. This package is a recent snapshot of http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/ From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mh-e

the GNU Emacs front end for MH and nmh mail user agents. This is likely a more recent version of mh-e than the one packaged with the flavor of Emacs you use. It also includes latest version of Info format documentation as well as contributed files that are not distributed with GNU Emacs: mh-alias.el - MH mail alias expansion and substitution. mh-frame.el - Open mh-e in a separate frame. The mh-e web page is http://mh-e.sourceforge.net/ From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mhc

Message Harmonized Calendaring system MHC is designed to help those who receive most appointments via email. Using MHC, you can easily import schedule articles from emails. MHC has following features: + Simple data structure allows you to manipulate stored data in many ways. + Appointments can be made to repeat in flexible ways. + powerful but simple expression of appointments. + Multiple User Interface such as commandline/emacs/GUI/Web. MHC currently has following interfaces: + Elisp package cooperative with Mew, Wanderlust or Gnus (popular MUA in the Emacs world) (emacs/mhc.el) MHC stores schedule articles in the same form of MH; you can manipulate these messages not only by above tools but also by many other MUAs, editors, UNIX commandline tools or your own scripts. For more information, you can find at http://www.quickhack.net/mhc/ From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mhonarc

Mail to HTML converter _MHonArc_ is a Perl program for converting e-mail messages as specified in RFC 822 and RFC 1521 (_MIME_) to HTML. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mico

A fully compliant CORBA implementation, executables The acronym MICO expands to MICO Is CORBA. The intention of this project is to provide a freely available and fully compliant implementation of the CORBA standard. MICO has become quite popular as an OpenSource project and is widely used for different purposes. As a major milestone, MICO has been branded as CORBA compliant by the OpenGroup. Executables From Debian 3.0r0 APT

micq

text based ICQ client with many features mICQ is a small, yet powerful console based ICQ client. It supports password changing, auto-away, creation of new accounts, and other features that makes it a very complete yet simple client. It now has complete support for the new v8 protocol. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

microcode.ctl

Intel IA32 CPU Microcode Utility The microcode_ctl utility is a companion to the IA32 microcode driver written by Tigran Aivazian <[email protected]>. The utility has two uses: a) it decodes and sends new microcode to the kernel driver to be uploaded to Intel IA32 family processors. (Pentium Pro, PII, Celeron, PIII, Xeon, Pentium 4 etc.) b) it signals the kernel driver to release any buffers it may hold The microcode update is volatile and needs to be uploaded on each system boot i.e. it doesn't re-flash your CPU permanently, reboot and it reverts back to the old microcode. The ideal place to load microcode is in BIOS, but most vendors never update it! To enable microcode update, I need some kernel support, thus I need the linux kernel 2.2.18 or later, or 2.4.0 or later. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

microkernel

An approach to operating systems design which puts emphasis on small modules which implement the basic features of the system kernel and can be flexibly configured. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

midentd

identd replacement with masquerading support. An identd replacement with masquerading support. With your average identd on a masquerading firewall, if an ident request comes in for a masqueraded connection, it will return 'ERROR : NO-USER' or something along those lines. This may be quite irritating at times, with, for example, IRC servers that won't let you in if they don't get a valid ident reply. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mifluz

A full text inverted indexer The purpose of mifluz is to provide a C++ library to build and query a full text inverted index. It is dynamically updatable, scalable (up to 1Tb indexes), uses a controlled amount of memory, shares index files and memory cache among processes or threads and compresses index files to 50% of the raw data. The structure of the index is configurable at runtime and allows inclusion of relevance ranking information. The query functions do not require to load all the occurrences of a searched term. They consume very few resources and many searches can be run in parallel. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mig-i386-gnu

The GNU distribution of the Mach 3.0 interface generator `MiG'. You need this tool to compile the gnumach and hurd distributions, and to compile GNU libc for the Hurd. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

migemo

Japanese incremental search with Romaji on Emacsen migemo is a tool that supports Japanese incremental search with Romaji. It release you from heavy tasks of Kana Kanji conversion in order to search. This is Emacsen interface, that is wrapper for isearch. http://migemo.namazu.org/ From Debian 3.0r0 APT

migemo-perl

Japanese incremental search with Romaji on Emacsen migemo is a tool that supports Japanese incremental search with Romaji. It release you from heavy tasks of Kana Kanji conversion in order to search. This is Emacsen interface, that is wrapper for isearch. http://migemo.namazu.org/ This is obsolete version of migemo. Newer version is written in ruby. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

migrationtools

Migration scripts for LDAP The MigrationTools are a set of Perl scripts for migrating users, groups, aliases, hosts, netgroups, networks, protocols, RPCs, and services from existing nameservices (flat files, NIS, and NetInfo) to LDAP. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mii-diag

A little tool to manipulate network cards Examines and sets the MII registers of network cards. This is a genral program. You can find specialized programs for several network cards in the nictools-pci and nictools-nopci packages. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mii-tool

view, manipulate media-independent interface status From whatis

mikmod

MikMod is a MOD music file player. MikMod uses the OSS /dev/dsp driver including all recent kernels for output, and will also write .wavfiles. Supported file formats include MOD, STM, S3M, MTM, XM, ULT, andIT. The player uses ncurses for console output. It supports transparent loading from gzip/pkzip/zoo archives and the loading and saving of playlists. From Redhat 8.0 RPM

mikmod

Portable tracked music player Mikmod is a very portable tracked music player which supports a wide variety of module formats including compressed sample Impulse Tracker modules. It also supports many archive formats, as well as on the fly decompression. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mime-codecs

Fast Quoted-Printable and BASE64 MIME transport codecs At its most basic MIME is a set of transfer encodings used to ensure error free transport, and a set of content types. VM understands the two standard MIME transport encodings, Quoted-Printable and BASE64, and will decode messages that use them as necessary. VM has Emacs-Lisp based Quoted-Printable and BASE64 encoders and decoders, but you can have VM use external programs to perform these tasks and the process will almost certainly be faster. This package provides external executables for Quoted-Printable and BASE64 encoders and decoders. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mime-construct

construct/send MIME messages from the command line mime-construct constructs and (by default) mails MIME messages. It is entirely driven from the command line, it is designed to be used by other programs, or people who act like programs. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mime-support

MIME files 'mime.types' & 'mailcap', and support programs As these files can be used by all MIME compliant programs, they have been moved into their own package that others can depend upon. Other packages add themselves as viewers/editors/composers/etc by using the provided "update-mime" program. In addition, the commands "see", "edit", "compose", and "print" will display, alter, create, and print (respectively) any file using a program determined from the entries in the mime.types and mailcap files. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mimedecode

Decodes transfer encoded text type mime messages. This program performs the decoding of transfer encoded text type mime messages. The message in its entirety is read from stdin. The decoded message is written to stdout; hence, this program behaves as a filter which may be placed wherever convenient. It is assumed that the message has reached its point of final delivery and at that point 8-bit text types can be handled natively. Hence, the need for transfer-encodings is not present any more. Only some cases are handled: - encoded header fields are decoded from QP or B encoding. - The charset is assumed to be iso-8859-1 - part or subparts of content-type text only are decoded - all other content-types are passed transparently. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mimefilter

Strips some unwanted MIME parts out of a MIME message. This program may be useful as a filter on a mailing list. It strips every unwanted MIME part from a MIME compliant message, warning by email the original author about this, and outputs a MIME compliant cleaned message, to be further processed by a mailing list software. You may find it useful if you don't want certain attachments on your mailing lists, or if you want to allow just the text part from multipart/alternative messages, and so on. You can easily fine tune the list of allowed MIME types to suit your particular needs, using normal Perl regexps. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mindi

Creates boot/root disks based on your system Mindi is a script that creates boot/root disks based on your system. It uses your kernel, modules, tools and libraries. It is use for the Mondo disaster recovery scripts and tools to create the boot CD/disks. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mindterm

java ssh client that can be used as a web applet Mindterm is a ssh client written in java that can be used as a web applet. This package installs it so it will be available on your web site; users can then ssh into the system from most web browsers that have java support. Warning: By its very nature, installing this package and making it available on your web server constitutes exporting cryptographic software. If you're in a country that does not look kindly on this act, use caution. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mindy

A Dylan interpreter. Mindy is a Dylan bytecode interpreter, originally written as part of CMU's Gwydion Dylan project. It compiles faster than d2c and includes much better debugging tools. Unfortunately, Mindy makes no attempt to run fast. Documentation for Mindy can be found in the main gwydion-dylan package, or on the web at <http://www.gwydiondylan.org/>. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

minfo

print the parameters of a MSDOS filesystem TQ From whatis

mingetty

The mingetty program is a lightweight, minimalist getty program foruse only on virtual consoles. Mingetty is not suitable for serial lines (you should use the mgetty program instead for that purpose). From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mingw32

Minimalist GNU win32 (cross) compiler A Linux hosted, win32 target, cross compiler for C/C++ Freedom through obsolescence. Those who still really need to can now build windows executables from the comfort of Debian. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mingw32-runtime

Minimalist GNU win32 (cross) compiler runtime This package contains the target runtime files for a Linux hosted, win32 target, C/C++ cross compiler. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mini_commander_applet

Mini-Commander Applet for the GNOME panel. From whatis

minicom

Clone of the MS-DOS "Telix" communications program. Minicom is a menu driven communications program. It emulates ANSI and VT102 terminals. It has a dialing directory and auto zmodem download. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

minicom

Minicom is a simple text-based modem control and terminal emulation program somewhat similar to MSDOS Telix. Minicom includes a dialing directory, full ANSI and VT100 emulation, an (external) scripting language, and other features. From Redhat 8.0 RPM

minicom

friendly serial communication program From whatis

minilinux

MiniLinux is for Hams (Ham Radio). There do not appear to be recent updates, the latest is v2.2.15b 8.V.2000. Distribution development is not all that active. From LWN Distribution List

minimalist

a MINImalist MAiling LIST manager Minimalist is a MINImalist MAiling LIST manager. It is fast, extremely easy to setup and support. Minimalist has these features: - subscribing/unsubscribing users by request - several levels of security - additional services such as information about list, archiving lists, information about users of list and so on - support for read-only/closed/mandatory lists - support for Blacklist - logging activity Minimalist has also a notion of 'trusted users'. They have full rights to subscribe/unsubscribe other users; get any information related to lists and users. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

minpack1

nonlinear equations and nonlinear least squares shared library Minpack includes software for solving nonlinear equations and nonlinear least squares problems. Five algorithmic paths each include a core subroutine and an easy-to-use driver. The algorithms proceed either from an analytic specification of the Jacobian matrix or directly from the problem functions. The paths include facilities for systems of equations with a banded Jacobian matrix, for least squares problems with a large amount of data, and for checking the consistency of the Jacobian matrix with the functions. This package provides the shared library. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mird1

Mird database library (runtime files) Mird is a database library, for operating on simple disk-based databases. This package contains files necessary for runing applications that use Mird database From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mirror

Keeps FTP archives up-to-date Mirror uses the FTP protocol to locally duplicate remote host files and directories selected with Perl regular expressions. By default transfers only files missing locally or whose remote sizes or time-stamps have changed. Can reduce directory download using compressed listings in ls-lR.gz files or further using compressed differences of daily listings in ls-lR.patch.gz files. Amongst many flexible options it can gzip and split files. Tracks large distant FTP archives accurately with low download volume. Simpler programs like "mirrordir" use less memory and may copy directory trees faster between local machines. From mirror.tar.gz 2.9 in Perl by Lee McLoughlin. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mirrordir

Easy to use ftp mirroring package - simply usemirrordir ftp://some.where.com/dir /some/local/dir From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mirrordir

duplicate a directory by making a minimal set of changes mirrordir forces the mirror directory to be an exact replica of the control directory tree in every possible detail suitable for purposes of timed backup. Files whose modification times or sizes differ are copied. File permissions, ownerships, modification times, access times, and sticky bits are duplicated. Devices, pipes, and symbolic and hard links are duplicated. Files or directories that exist in the mirror directory that don't exist in the control directory are deleted. It naturally descends into subdirectories to all their depths. mirrordir tries to be as efficient as possible by making the minimal set of changes necessary to mirror the directory. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mirrormagic

Shoot around obstacles to collect energy using your beam. A game like "Deflektor" (C 64) or "Mindbender" (Amiga). The goal is to work out how to get around obstacles to shoot energy containers with your beam, enabling the path to the next level to be opened. Included are many levels known from the games "Deflektor" and "Mindbender". Some features: - stereo sound effects and music - music module support for SDL version (Unix/Win32) - fullscreen support for SDL version (Unix/Win32) - complete source code included under GNU GPL From Debian 3.0r0 APT

miscfiles

Dictionaries and other interesting files. These files are not crucial to system administration or operation, but which have come to be common on various systems over the years. They originated from various sources and are freely redistributable (see the copyright file for more information). These files include those of general interest (English `connectives', Webster's Second International English wordlist, traditional stone and flower for each month, Precedence table for operators in the C language, description of the ISO Latin-1 character set, two-letter codes for languages, from ISO 639, International country telephone codes, geographic coordinates of many major cities, Some common abbreviations used in electronic communication, GNU tasks and mailing lists, country and currency abbreviations, rfc-index, etc.). There also is information specific to the United States (List of three letter codes for some major airports, North American (+1) telephone area codes, postal codes for US and Mexican states and Canadian provinces, the Constitution of the United States of America, the Declaration of Independence of the Thirteen Colonies). From Debian 3.0r0 APT

miscutils

obsolete utilities package miscutils is an obsolete package and may be removed safely. miscutils was replaced by the following packages: getty, login, util-linux, update, fdutils, debianutils, passwd. Since fdutils is not required, it must be installed separately. After this version miscutils is installed, it is safe and desirable to purge miscutils. If miscutils is purged while it still has conffiles, then important conffiles may be lost. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mission critical

Describes a system that is absolutely necessary. It comes from NASA where mission critical elements were those items that had to work otherwise the billion dollar space mission would blow up. Key point: A big problem with corporations is that they do not spend enough time hardening mission critical applications, or spend too much effort on non-mission critical elements. From Hacking-Lexicon

mit-scheme

The MIT Scheme development environment MIT Scheme is an implementation of the Scheme programming language, providing an interpreter, compiler, source-code debugger, integrated Emacs-like editor, and a large runtime library. MIT Scheme is best suited to programming large applications with a rapid development cycle. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mixal

A MIX emulator and MIXAL interpreter Mixal is an implementation of the imaginary computer called MIX and its assembly language MIXAL, which were invented by Donald E. Knuth in the 1960's for use in his monumental and yet unfinished book series "The Art of Computer Programming". All actual programs and all programming exercises in the series are written in MIXAL. This package contains a modified version of Darius Bacon's Mixal implementation. It takes a MIXAL source file, translates it to MIX machine code and then executes the resulting program, all in a single run. The result of the assembler step cannot be extracted to a file. Similarly, one cannot take a precompiled MIX program and try to execute it in this emulator - only MIXAL source is accepted. The MIX emulator does not support floating-point operations nor the tape devices described in Knuth's book. This is not fatal, however, and most of the programs and exercise answers in Knuth's book can be run in this MIXAL implementation. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mixer.app

Another mixer application designed for WindowMaker There's nothing in the program that makes it *require* WindowMaker, except maybe the look. Mixer.app is a mixer utility for Linux systems. Requires /dev/mixer to work. Provides three customizable controls on a tiny 64x64 app. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mixer_applet

Mixer Applet for the GNOME panel. From whatis

mkboot

makes a bootdisk From whatis

mkbootdisk

The mkbootdisk program creates a standalone boot floppy disk for booting the running system. The created boot disk will look for the root filesystem on the device mentioned in /etc/fstab and includes an initial ramdisk image which will load any necessary SCSI modules for the system. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mkcfm

create summaries of font metric files in CID font directories From whatis

mkcramfs

Make a CramFs (Compressed ROM File System) mkcramfs lets you construct a CramFs (Compressed ROM File System) image from the contents of a given directory. Cram file systems are used for Debian INITRD images. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mkdir

create a directory From whatis

mkdir

creates directories with the specified names. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

mkdir

make directories From whatis

mkdirhier

makes a directory hierarchy From whatis

mke2fs

create a Linux second extended file system From whatis

mkfifo

creates FIFOs (also called "named pipes") with the specified filenames. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

mkfifo

make FIFOs (named pipes) From whatis

mkfifo

make a FIFO special file (a named pipe) From whatis

mkfontdesc

utility to create PK font description files From whatis

mkfontdir

create an index of X font files in a directory From whatis

mkfs

build a Linux file system From whatis

mkfs.ext2

create a Linux second extended file system From whatis

mkfs.ext3

create a Linux second extended file system From whatis

mkfs.minix

make a Linux MINIX filesystem From whatis

mkhtmlindex

generate index files for HTML man pages From whatis

mkindex

script to process LaTeX index and glossary files From whatis

mkinitrd

Mkinitrd creates filesystem images for use as initial ramdisk (initrd) images. These ramdisk images are often used to preload the block device modules (SCSI or RAID) needed to access the root filesystem. In other words, generic kernels can be built without drivers for any SCSI adapters which load the SCSI driver as a module. Since the kernel needs to read those modules, but in this case it isn't able to address the SCSI adapter, an initial ramdisk is used. The initial ramdisk is loaded by the operating system loader (normally LILO) and is available to the kernel as soon as the ramdisk is loaded. The ramdisk image loads the proper SCSI adapter and allows the kernel to mount the root filesystem. The mkinitrd program creates such a ramdisk using information found in the /etc/modules.conf file. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mkinitrd-cd

Creates an initrd image suitable for booting from a live CD-ROM This is the package used by the Gibraltar project to create the initrd images used for booting from CD-ROM. The bootable CD-ROMs are actual live CD-ROMs. That is, the root file system is the CD-ROM, ramdisks are the only things needed for operation without a harddisk. Although a harddisk can be used for e.g. storing log files permanently or when the machine acts as a proxy server. Given a kernel image and the corresponding modules, it creates a complete boot image that can be written to floppy or be used as El Torito image for a bootable CD-ROM. Upon bootup, the initrd image will try to locate an ATAPI CD-ROM drive. When this does not succeed, it auto-probes for SCSI adapters and tries to locate SCSI drives. It also works when multiple CD-ROM drives are installed in the system by checking if the inserted CD is the correct one for booting. The package can be of use to developers and packagers who want to create their own bootable, live Debian CD-ROM. It will probably not be of any use to others. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mkisofs

Creates ISO-9660 CD-ROM filesystem images. mkisofs is a pre-mastering program for creating ISO-9660 CD-ROM filesystem images, which can then be written to a CD-ROM using the cdrecord program. mkisofs now includes support for making bootable "El Torito" CD-ROMs, as well as CD-ROMs with support for the Macintosh HFS filesystem (as in the old "mkhybrid" package). From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mkisofs

The mkisofs program is used as a pre-mastering program which generates an ISO9660 filesystem. Mkisofs takes a snapshot of a given directory tree and generates a binary image of the tree which will correspond to an ISO9660 filesystem when written to a block device. Mkisofs is used for writing CD-ROMs and includes support for creating bootable El Torito CD-ROMs. From Redhat 8.0 RPM

mkisofs

This is the mkisofs package. It is used to create ISO 9660 file system images for creating CD-ROMs. Now includes support for making bootable "El Torito" CD-ROMs. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mklost+found

create a lost+found directory on a mounted Linux second extended file system From whatis

mkmanifest

makes list of file names and their DOS 8+3 equivalent TQ From whatis

mknbi

Create tagged images for Etherboot or Netboot With mknbi you can create tagged images for Etherboot. Tagged images are data files, which contains the necessary files for booting up (kernel+root for linux, kernel+minifs for dos, ...) bundled together with a special format. These tagged images are downloaded and understood by Etherboot and Netboot during the boot process. This package should be used on the server and not on the client. It doesn't contain code which handle the network card, download the image, etc. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mknod

create a special or ordinary file From whatis

mknod

make block or character special files From whatis

mknod

creates a FIFO (named pipe), character special file, or block special file with the specified name. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

mkocp

frontend to otp2ocp(1) From whatis

mkofm

front end to mktextfm(1) From whatis

mkpasswd

Overfeatured front end to crypt(3) From whatis

mkrboot

Make a kernel + rootimage bootable from one disk or from DOS mkrboot generates bootdisks that contain both a kernel and a rootimage. This enables debian bootup for installation purposes from one floppy. mkrboot can also use loadlin to make a floppyless installation possible. Boot methods supported: - Loadlin from running DOS/Windows without a floppy - Loadlin from a FreeDOS bootup disk - Lilo from one floppy - Kernel Boot loader from one floppy - Syslinux from one floppy From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mkrescue

make rescue floppy From whatis

mksmbpasswd

formats a /etc/passwd entry for a smbpasswd file From whatis

mkswap

set up a Linux swap area From whatis

mktemp

The mktemp utility takes a given file name template and overwrites a portion of it to create a unique file name. This allows shellscripts and other programs to safely create and use /tmp files. Install the mktemp package if you need to use shell scripts or other programs which will create and use unique /tmp files. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mktemp

make a unique temporary file name From whatis

mktemp

make temporary filename (unique) From whatis

mktexlsr

create ls-R databases From whatis

mktexmf

create a Metafont source file From whatis

mktexpk

create a PK file for a font From whatis

mktextfm

create a TFM file for a font From whatis

mkxauth

The mkxauth utility helps create and maintain X authentication databases (.Xauthority files). Mkxauth is used to create an .Xauthority file or to merge keys from another local or remote .Xauthority file. .Xauthority files are used by the xauthuser-oriented access control program, which grants or denies access to X servers based on the contents of the .Xauthorityfile. The mkxauth package should be installed if you're going to use user-oriented access control to provide security for your X Window System (a good idea). From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mlabel

make an MSDOS volume label TQ From whatis

mlglade

a glade to OCaml compiler Mlglade is a tool to translate a glade xml file into a set of modules for OCaml. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mlock

Mailbox locking program from UW libc-client.so uses this program to lock mailbox files so they don't get corrupted. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mlock

disable paging for some parts of memory From whatis

mlock

lock a mailbox From whatis

mlterm

MultiLingual TERMinal This is a terminal emulator for X Window System, which supports various encodings including ISO-8859-[1-10,13-16], TCVN5712, VISCII, KOI8-{R,U}, EUC-JP, EUC-JISX0213, ISO-2022-JP{,1,2,3}, Shift_JIS, Shift_JISX0213, ISO-2022-KR, EUC-KR, UHC, JOHAB, EUC-CN (aka GB2312), GBK, ISO-2022-CN, Big5, EUC-TW, HZ, UTF-8, and GB18030. Doublewidth characters for east Asian, combining characters for Thai, Vietnamese, and other diacritics, and BiDi (bi-direction) for Arab and Hebrew, and Arab shaping are supported. Though mlterm supports Indic complex languages such as Hindi, this Debian package is not compiled with Indic support. Since mlterm checks the current locale and selects appropriate encoding, you don't need to configure mlterm to display your language and encoding. mlterm also supports unique features such as scrollbar API, multiple windows, multiple XIM, anti-alias using FreeType and Xft, and so on. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mlton

Whole-program optimizing compiler for Standard ML MLton is a whole-program optimizing compiler for Standard ML that runs on X86 machines under Linux. MLton generates standalone executables with good runtime performance, is SML 97 compliant, and has a mostly complete basis library. MLton has support for profiling and a fast C FFI. MLton has additional libraries for continuations, interval timers, random numbers, signal handlers, sockets, system logging, threads, and heap save and restore. It also has a fast implementation of IntInf using the GNU multiprecision library. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mmake

Makefile generator for Java programs mmake will generate a master Makefile for your Java programs. This generated Makefile fully understands the subdirectories that are required if your program consists of multiple packages. mmake also automatically generates dependencies, and can use the C preprocessor for Java programs and generate javadoc documentation. mmake defaults to using Sun's javac from the jdk but can easily use guavac or a different GPL alternative as well. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mmd

make an MSDOS subdirectory TQ From whatis

mminstance

Multiple master font utilities to create AFM or PFB files. These tools let you use multiple-master fonts with programs that require single-master fonts (afm2tfm, ps2pk, fontinst, etc.). Both programs work fine with fonts that contain intermediate masters (e.g., Adobe Jenson MM and Adobe Kepler MM). Mmafm creates an AFM (Adobe font metric) file corresponding to a single instance of a multiple-master font. It reads (and therefore requires) the AMFM and AFM files distributed with the font. Mmpfb creates a normal, single-master font program that looks like an instance of a multiple-master font. It reads the multiple-master font program in PFA or PFB format. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mmm-mode

Multiple Major Mode for Emacs MMM Mode is a minor mode for Emacs that allows Multiple Major Modes (hence the name) to coexist in one buffer. It is particularly well-suited to editing embedded code, such as Mason server-side Perl, or HTML output in CGI scripts. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mmorph

A two-level morphology tool for natural language processing The MULTEXT morphology tool, mmorph, is a free implementation of the two-level formalism for natural language morphology. If you don't know what that means, you probably don't need this package. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mmount

mount an MSDOS disk TQ From whatis

mmove

move or rename an MSDOS file or subdirectory TQ From whatis

mmucl

Mark's MUd CLient Mark's MUd CLient ("muckle") is a mud client using Tcl/Tk. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mmv

Move/Copy/Append/Link multiple files mmv is a program to move/copy/append/link multiple files according to a set of wildcard patterns. This multiple action is performed safely, i.e. without any unexpected deletion of files due to collisions of target names with existing filenames or with other target names. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mmx-emu

MMX Emulation Library This library provides a simple (but slow) way to execute binaries that use MMX instructions, on processors that do not support them. The emulator also contains emulation code for Cyrix and AMD variants of MMX (EMMX and 3DNow!). From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mnogosearch-common

A full-featured web search engine (common files) MnogoSearch consists of two parts. The first part is indexing mechanism (indexer). Indexer walks over html hypertext references and stores found words and new references into database. The second part is web front-end to provide search using data collected by indexer. For more information, look at http://search.mnogo.ru/ This package contains common files for all database types. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mnogosearch-pgsql

A full-featured web search engine (postgresql) MnogoSearch consists of two parts. The first part is indexing mechanism (indexer). Indexer walks over html hypertext references and stores found words and new references into database. The second part is web front-end to provide search using data collected by indexer. For more information, look at http://search.mnogo.ru/ This package contains postgresql specific files. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mnogosearch-php

PHP frontend for mnoGoSearch mnoGoSearch is a website indexer and search engine. This package provides a PHP frontend so you can query the indexed data. You will need PHP4 and either the PostgreSQL or MySql modules for PHP4. There also needs to be the relevant database holding the mnoGoSearch data somewhere. To index your website install the mnoGoSearch package. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mobile code

A term that describes any software that is mobile, being passed from one system to another. In particular, it is used to describe applets within web browsers based upon Microsoft's ActiveX, Sun's Java, or Netscape's JavaScript technologies. From Hacking-Lexicon

modconf

Device Driver Configuration Modconf provides a GUI for installing and configuring device driver modules. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

modconf

a module configuration utility From whatis

mode

n. [common] A general state, usually used with an adjective describing the state. Use of the word `mode' rather than `state' implies that the state is extended over time, and probably also that some activity characteristic of that state is being carried out. "No time to hack; I'm in thesis mode." In its jargon sense, `mode' is most often attributed to people, though it is sometimes applied to programs and inanimate objects. In particular, see hack mode, day mode, night mode, demo mode, fireworks mode, and yoyo mode; also talk mode. One also often hears the verbs `enable' and `disable' used in connection with jargon modes. Thus, for example, a sillier way of saying "I'm going to crash" is "I'm going to enable crash mode now". One might also hear a request to "disable flame mode, please". In a usage much closer to techspeak, a mode is a special state that certain user interfaces must pass into in order to perform certain functions. For example, in order to insert characters into a document in the Unix editor vi, one must type the "i" key, which invokes the "Insert" command. The effect of this command is to put vi into "insert mode", in which typing the "i" key has a quite different effect (to wit, it inserts an "i" into the document). One must then hit another special key, "ESC", in order to leave "insert mode". Nowadays, modeful interfaces are generally considered losing but survive in quite a few widely used tools built in less enlightened times. From Jargon Dictionary

mode bit

n. [common] A flag, usually in hardware, that selects between two (usually quite different) modes of operation. The connotations are different from flag bit in that mode bits are mainly written during a boot or set-up phase, are seldom explicitly read, and seldom change over the lifetime of an ordinary program. The classic example was the EBCDIC-vs.-ASCII bit (#12) of the Program Status Word of the IBM 360. From Jargon Dictionary

modeline

calculates modelines for use with SVGAlib and VESA Framebuffer modeline is an utility to calulate modelines for use with SVGAlib and VESA Framebuffer. No invocaction of X11 is necessary. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

modemp3d

AO-40 (Phase3D) Soundcard Telemetry Decoder This software allows a standard PC soundcard to be used as Amsat Oscar 40 (Phase 3D) Telemetry Decoder. Unlike previous packet radio telemetry decoders, this new release offers several new benefits: Open Source (Source Code available). Multiplatform builds from a single source code. Can decode from soundcard input or from a wave file. May use MMX or VIS to speed up computation. No tuning required, any center frequency between 1.2kHz and 2kHz detected. Outputs decoded frames over UDP using Phil Karn's STP protocol From Debian 3.0r0 APT

modemu

Telnet services for communication programs modemu is a program that lets you telnet to remote sites using any standard communications program such as Minicom or Seyon. It emulates a modem, including options for 8-bit clean mode so one can use Zmodem or Kermit over a telnet connection. It can also be used for other tasks, such as UUCP over telnet. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

modinfo

display information about a kernel module From whatis

modlogan

A modular logfile analyzer Modlogan is a modular logfile analyzer which is currently able to parse ftp-, webserver and squid logs. The generated output can be viewed by a web browser (->moglogan, webalizer) or your favorite text editor (->text). The different input and output modes are provided by some surrounding plugins. For example the modlogan output plugin provides three different menu structure for the same colourfull output while the output which is generated by the webalizer output plugin looks similar to the output generated by the original Webalizer known from http://www.mrunix.net/webalizer/. The input is handled the same way. One plugin is for the web server logs, the next is for xferlog from FTP-servers like WuFTP and the third input plugin is a NULL plugin which does nothing (but this perfectly :). From Debian 3.0r0 APT

modprobe

high level handling of loadable modules From whatis

module

A non-linked driver which contain device specific system routines and fills in non-boot gaps in the kernel. Modules can be loaded and removed dynamically and allow for smaller generic kernels. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

modulo

/mod'yu-loh/ prep. Except for. An overgeneralization of mathematical terminology; one can consider saying that 4 equals 22 except for the 9s (4 = 22 mod 9). "Well, LISP seems to work okay now, modulo that GC bug." "I feel fine today modulo a slight headache." From Jargon Dictionary

modutils

Linux module utilities. These utilities are intended to make a Linux modular kernel manageable for all users, administrators and distribution maintainers. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

modutils

The modutils package includes various programs needed for automatic loading and unloading of modules under 2.2 and later kernels, as well as other module management programs. Device drivers and filesystems are two examples of loaded and unloaded modules. From Redhat 8.0 RPM

modutils

The modutils packages includes the kerneld program for automaticloading and unloading of modules under 2.2 and 2.4 kernels, as well as other module management programs. Examples of loaded and unloaded modules are device drivers and filesystems, as well as some other things. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mon

monitor hosts/services/whatever and alert about problems "mon" is a tool for monitoring the availability of services. Services may be network-related, environmental conditions, or anything that can be tested with software. If a service is unavailable mon can tell you with syslog, email, your pager or a script of your choice. You can control who gets each alert based on the time of day or day of week, and you can control how often an existing problem is re-alerted. More information can be found at http://www.kernel.org/software/mon/. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mona

a theorem prover based on automata MONA is a tool that translates formulas in the logics WS1S or WS2S into finite-state automata represented by BDDs. The formulas may express search patterns, temporal properties of reactive systems, parse tree constraints, etc. MONA also analyses the automaton resulting from the compilation, and determines whether the formula is valid and, if the formula is not valid, generates a counter-example. Documentation is available from the MONA website http://www.brics.dk/mona/. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mondo

System to backup your filesystem to CDs Mondo uses afio as the backup engine. Mondo creates ISO images of your data to make a full backup of your system. It also makes the CDs to autorun and gives you several options to restore your system. In the event of catastrophic data loss, you may restore some or all of your system from those CDs, even if your hard drives are now blank. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

moodss

Modular object oriented dynamic spread-sheet 2D-visualisation for periodically updated data using drag and drop in a spreadsheet-like environment. Extensible via your own Tcl/Tk modules. Intended for use in system administration but should work in a lab just as well... From Debian 3.0r0 APT

moon-buggy

Drive some car across the moon Moon-buggy is a simple character graphics game, where you drive some kind of car across the moon's surface. Unfortunately there are dangerous craters there. Fortunately your car can jump over them! From Debian 3.0r0 APT

moon-buggy-esd

Drive some car across the moon (version with sound) Moon-buggy is a simple character graphics game, where you drive some kind of car across the moon's surface. Unfortunately there are dangerous craters there. Fortunately your car can jump over them! This version includes experimental support for sound and thus requires a soundcard to run! From Debian 3.0r0 APT

moon-lander

A fun and entertaining game based on the classic moon lander. Moonlander is a fun and enjoyable modern graphical version of the classic moonlander game. WARNING: Contains one mild profanity. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

moosic

Daemon/client combo to easily queue music files for playing Moosic is a music player that focuses on easy playlist management. It consists of a server process that maintains a queue of music files to play and a client program which sends commands to the server. The server continually runs through its playlist, popping items off the top of the list and playing each with an external program. The client is a simple command-line utility which allows you to perform powerful operations upon the server's queue, including the addition of whole directory trees, automatic shuffling, and item removal according to regular expressions. The server comes configured to play MP3, Ogg, MIDI, MOD, and WAV files. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mopd

The Maintenance Operations Protocol (MOP) loader daemon. The Maintenance Operations Protocol (MOP) loader daemon services MOP load requests on one or all Ethernet interfaces. Normally, a filename (uppercase and ending in .SYS) is included in the load request. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

more

file perusal filter for crt viewing From whatis

morse

Simple morse code trainer for the PC speaker Morse code trainer which allows you to play morse at a range of speeds and frequencies through the PC internal speaker. You can specify the text to be played either from the command line, from a file, or the program is capable of generating random character groups. As it sounds each character it lists the character in verbal form (Dit, Dit, Dah etc.) to the screen. Morse has to run from a VC. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mosix

Utilities to administer a mosix cluster node Mosix is an extension to the linux kernel to support scalable and transparent cluster computing. The enhanced kernel allows a cluster of workstations and servers based on the Intel x86 architecture to work cooperatively as if part of a single system. This package provides the utilities to run a mosix cluster. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

most

a more/less paging type program Most is a paging program that displays, one windowful at a time, the contents of a file on a terminal. It pauses after each windowful and prints on the window status line of the screen the file name, current line number, and the percentage of the file so far displayed. Unlike other paging programs, most is capable of displaying an arbitrary number of windows as long as each window occupies at least two screen lines. Each window may contain the same file or a different file. In addition, each window has its own mode. In addition to displaying ordinary text files, most can also display binary files as well as files with arbitrary ascii characters. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

motifnls

Files needed to run some Motif applications. This package provides the XFree-2.1 configuration files needed to allow Motif applications compiled under XFree-2.1 to run under XFree-3.1. Without these files, some Motif applications compiled on other machines (such as Netscape) may crash when attempting to copy or paste from or to a text field, and may also exhibit other problems. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

motion

V4L Capture Program supporting Movement Detection Motion is a V4L image capture program which supports: - Motion detection - MPEG output - Loopback output (if a module is compiled for your kernel) - webcam output From Debian 3.0r0 APT

motor

C/C++/Java Integrated Development Environment Motor is a text mode based programming environment for Linux. It consists of a powerful editor with syntax highlight feature, project manager, makefile generator, gcc and gdb front-end, etc. Deep CVS integration is also provided. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mount

The mount package contains the mount, umount, swapon and swapoff programs. Accessible files on your system are arranged in one big tree or hierarchy. These files can be spread out over several devices. The mount command attaches a filesystem on some device to your system's file tree. The umount command detaches a filesystem from the tree. Swapon and swapoff, respectively, specify and disable devices and files for paging and swapping. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mount

Tools for mounting and manipulating filesystems. This package provides the mount(8), umount(8), swapon(8), swapoff(8), and losetup(8) commands. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mount

mount and unmount filesystems. From whatis

mount.smb

mount an smbfs filesystem From whatis

mount.smbfs

mount an smbfs filesystem From whatis

mountapp

Tool to (un)mount devices, dockable in Window Maker. This is a Window Maker dock app which allows you to browse all your mount points and to mount/unmount devices in a simple point and click manner. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mouse-properties-capplet

allows you to configure your mouse. From whatis

mouseconfig

Mouseconfig is a text-based mouse configuration tool. Mouseconfig setsup the files and links needed for configuring and using a mouse on a Red Hat Linux system. The mouseconfig tool can be used to set the correct mouse type for programs like gpm, and can be used with Xconfigurator to set up the mouse for the X Window System. From Redhat 8.0 RPM

mova

Scripts for Mova-format dictionary Scripts that help finding words and viewing articles in dictionaries in mova format. One of them is English/Russian dictionary by by V. K. Mueller. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mozart

The Mozart Programming System The Mozart Programming System is an advanced development platform for intelligent, distributed applications. Mozart is based on the Oz language, which supports declarative programming, object-oriented programming, constraint programming, and concurrency as part of a coherent whole. For distribution, Mozart provides a true network transparent implementation with support for network awareness, openness, and fault tolerance. Security is upcoming. Mozart is an ideal platform for both general-purpose distributed applications as well as for hard problems requiring sophisticated optimization and inferencing abilities. For more information, see the Mozart project home page at http://www.mozart-oz.org/. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mozilla

Mozilla is an open-source web browser, designed for standards compliance, performance and portability. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mozilla

Mozilla was the code-name behind the original version of the Netscape web-browser, which itself was essentially a re-write of the popular Mosaic web-browser. Netscape later created an open-source version of their source base called Mozilla. Netscape version 6 is based upon this newer Mozilla. Point: Both Netscape and Microsoft web-browsers identify themselves as being "Mozilla" in the User-Agent: field. When Netscape officially created the name "Navigator" for their web-browser, the engineers didn't bother changing this field. When Microsoft came out with version 3.0 of their "Internet Explorer", they attempted to emulate all the features of Navigator. In order to take advantage of web-sites that provided richer multimedia content based upon whether Mozilla was running, Microsoft put "Mozilla" as the version of their browser, with additional content identifying itself as "MSIE". From Hacking-Lexicon

mozilla-browser

Mozilla Web Browser - core and browser Mozilla is a sophisticated graphical World-Wide-Web browser, with a large number of various browser features like support for HTML 4.0, CSS 2, JavaScript and Java. Of course, besides the network option, it can also be used as a standalone HTML viewer. Mozilla is based on part of the code base of the well known "Netscape" ("Communicator" or "Navigator") browser. It was opened up to the free software community by Netscape Communications under a new NPL license. See the website http://www.mozilla.org/ for more information on the development of Mozilla. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mozilla-chatzilla

Mozilla Web Browser - irc client This is an irc client written completely in javascript, XUL, and Mozilla's XP framework. Give it a try, you might like it. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mozilla-dom-inspector

A tool for inspecting the DOM of pages in Mozilla. This is a tool that allows you to inspect the DOM for web pages in Mozilla. This is of great use to people who are doing Mozilla chrome development or web page development. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mozilla-js-debugger

JavaScript debugger for use with Mozilla JavaScript debugger for use with Mozilla. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mozilla-mail

Mail/news client based on the Mozilla web browser. The mail/news client supports IMAP, POP, and NNTP and has an easy to use interface. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mozilla-mailnews

Mozilla Web Browser - mail and news support Mail/news client based on the Mozilla web browser. The mail/news client supports IMAP, POP, and NNTP and has an easy to use interface. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mozilla-nspr

NSPR provides platform independence for non-GUI operating systemfacilities. These facilities include threads, thread synchronization, normal file and network I/O, interval timing and calendar time, basic memory management (malloc and free) and shared library linking. From Redhat 8.0 RPM

mozilla-nss

Network Security Services (NSS) is a set of libraries designed to support cross-platform development of security-enabled server applications. Applications built with NSS can support SSL v2 and v3,TLS, PKCS #5, PKCS #7, PKCS #11, PKCS #12, S/MIME, X.509 v3certificates, and other security standards. From Redhat 8.0 RPM

mozilla-psm

Mozilla Web Browser - Personal Security Manager (PSM) This is the PSM (Personal Security Manager) for the Mozilla Web Browser With this package, you can access SSL sites (https) and use IMAP/S mail servers. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mozilla-xmlterm

Mozilla Web Browser - XML enabled This is a terminal client written for mozilla that has special capabilities. When combined with the xls, and xcat programs, you can get directory listings with thumbnails for images, and you can cat known file types and view them inline. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mp

pretty-printer for email messages and other text files This package consists of two programs, mp and mptool. The mp program will pretty print various files for you. It can be used in conjunction with a mail reading utility for producing a pretty print of your mail items. It can be used with a news reading tool to pretty print news articles. Digests can also be printed, and this version can pretty print ordinary ASCII files as well. Support for personal organiser printing was added into the last released version. There are numerous configuration options to allow you to adjust the way mp generates it's output. The mptool program is a graphical frontend to mp. It makes it easy to configure the printout of your documents without having to remember lots of complicated command line arguments. It also supports drag and drop of text from other Gtk+ applications. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mp3blaster

Full-screen console mp3 and ogg vorbis player mp3blaster is an interactive text-based mp3 player with a number of unique features. It supports multiple playlists allowing you to divide tracks into albums allowing great flexibility with the play order. Also included are nmixer, a simple mixer utility based on the same code as the mixer used in mp3blaster and mp3tag, an id3 tag manipulation tool. Starting with version 3.0pre8, mp3blaster supports the playback of Ogg Vorbis encoded audio as well. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mp3burn

burn audio CDs directly from MP3s or Ogg Vorbis files mp3burn is a Perl script that allows you to burn audio CDs composed of MP3 or Ogg Vorbis tracks without an intermediate file conversion to .cdr or .wav. Actually, the .mp3/.ogg files *are* converted using a decoder, but are written to FIFOs so they don't consume a lot of filesystem space during the burn. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mp3check

Check mp3 files for consistency Check mp3 files for consistency and print several errors and warnings. List stream attributes (color). Layer 1,2,3, mpeg1.0+2.0 are currently supported. CRC check for layer 3. mp3check is very useful for incomplete mp3 detection as it can be used to scan through your mp3 collection and find all mp3s that aren't perfect. Good for use with Napster and other bulk downloading of mp3s. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mp3info

An MP3 technical info viewer and ID3 1.x tag editor. MP3Info has an interactive mode (using curses) and a command line mode. MP3Info can display ID3 tag information as well as various technical aspects of an MP3 file including playing time, bit-rate, sampling frequency and other attributes in a pre-defined or user-specifiable output format. If you prefer GUI you should use mp3info-gtk package. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mp3kult

Organizes your MP3 collection in a MySQL database Mp3Kult is a KDE2 application that helps you organize your MP3 collections in a MySQL database. It can read MP3 tag and song informations (length, bit rate, sample rate etc.), make playlists, play songs with an external player like xmms and gqmpeg, perform basic and advanced searches for songs in the database, and make copies of playlists on your hard disk, in order to play the songs without inserting CD-ROMs. Mp3Kult can scan directories recursively, looking for MP3s and automatically mount, umount and eject CD-ROMs before and after the job. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mp3rename

Rename mp3 files based on id3tags Mp3rename is a small tool to rename all those badly named mp3 files. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mp4h

Macro Processor for HTML Documents Mp4h is a macro processor specifically designed for HTML documents, with powerful programming features. It allows definition and expansion of new tags with a syntax familiar to HTML authors. Mp4h is a core component of the Website Meta Language (WML). From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mpack

Tools for encoding/decoding MIME messages. Mpack and munpack are utilities for encoding and decoding (respectively) binary files in MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) format mail messages. For compatibility with older forms of transferring binary files, the munpack program can also decode messages in split-uuencoded format. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mpack

pack a file in MIME format From whatis

mpage

print multiple pages per sheet on PostScript printer Mpage reads plain text files or PostScript documents and prints them on a PostScript printer with the text reduced in size so that several pages appear on one sheet of paper. This is useful for viewing large printouts on a small amount of paper. Uses ISO 8859.1 to print 8-bit characters. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mpartition

partition an MSDOS hard disk TQ From whatis

mpatrol

A powerful library for debugging memory allocations The mpatrol library is a powerful debugging tool that attempts to diagnose run-time errors that are caused by the wrong use of dynamically allocated memory. Along with providing a comprehensive and configurable log of all dynamic memory operations that occurred during the lifetime of a program, the mpatrol library performs extensive checking to detect any misuse of dynamically allocated memory. All logging and tracing output from the mpatrol library is sent to a separate log file in order to keep its diagnostics separate from any that the program being tested might generate. A wide variety of library settings can also be changed at run-time via an environment variable, thus removing the need to recompile or relink in order to change the library's behaviour. All of this functionality can be integrated into existing code through the inclusion of a single header file at compile-time. http://www.cbmamiga.demon.co.uk/mpatrol From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mpe-source

Source for MPE, for other package to build-depend This package includes the source to MPE, so that other package can build MPE Build-depending in this package. MPE is a set of tools to profile MPI programs, and other tools, useful in debugging MPI. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mped

a small editor with syntax highlighting Minimum Profit (mp, mped in Debian Systems) is a programmer's text editor. It features small memory and disk requirements, syntax highlighting, context-sensitive help for the source code being edited, multiple simultaneous file editing, ctags support, word wrapping, and more. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mpeglib

mp3 and mpeg I video/audio library for linux mpeglib is a mp3 and mpeg I video/audio library for linux mpeg I audio player (layer I,II,III (mp3)) mpeg I video player mpeg I system layer player wav player From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mpg123

Mpg123 is a fast, free and portable MPEG audio player for Unix. It supports MPEG 1.0/2.0 layers 1, 2 and 3 ("mp3" files). For full CD quality playback (44 kHz, 16 bit, stereo) a fast CPU is required. Mono and/or reduced quality playback (22 kHz or11 kHz) is possible on slow CPUs (like Intel 486). For information on the MP3 License, please visit:http://www.mpeg.org/ From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mpg321

A Free command-line mp3 player, compatible with mpg123 mpg321 is a clone of the popular mpg123 command-line mp3 player. It should function as a drop-in replacement for mpg123 in many cases. While some of the functionality of mpg123 is not yet implemented, mpg321 should function properly in most cases for most people, such as for frontends such as gqmpeg. mpg321 is based on the mad MPEG audio decoding library. It therefore is highly accurate, and also uses only fixed-point calculation, making it more efficient on machines without a floating-point unit. While mpg321 is not as fast as the non-free mpg123 on systems which have a floating point unit, it comes under a fully Free license, which allows greater freedom to its users. For most people who want mpg123, mpg321 is a better alternative. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mpgtx

Toolbox to manipulate MPEG files (video, system, and audio) mpgtx is a tool to manipulate MPEG files. Its features include the following: * mpgtx can currently split and join MPEG 1 video files and most MPEG audio files. * mpgtx can fetch detailed information from MPEG 1 and MPEG 2. * mpgtx can demultiplex MPEG 1 and MPEG 2 files (System layer, Program layer and Transport Layer). * mpgtx can add, remove and edit ID3 tags from mp3 files and rename mp3 files according to their ID3 tags. It reads and writes ID3v1, but only reads ID3v2. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mpich

Parallel computing system MPICH is a robust and flexible implementation of the MPI (Message Passing Interface). MPI is often used with parallel or distributed computing projects. MPICH is a multi-platform, configurable system (development, execution, libraries, etc) for MPI. It can achieve parallelism using networked machines or using multitasking on a single machine. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mpost

MetaPost, a system for drawing pictures From whatis

mpqc

The Massively Parallel Quantum Chemistry Program MPQC computes the properties of molecules through ab-initio methods. It can compute closed shell and general restricted open shell Hartree-Fock energies and gradients, density functional theory energies and gradients, second order open shell perturbation theory (OPT2[2]) and Z-averaged perturbation theory (ZAPT2) energies, and second order closed shell Moeller-Plesset perturbation theory energies and gradients. It also includes an internal coordinate geometry optimizer. MPQC is build upon the Scientific Computing Toolkit (SC). From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mps

mtop and mps for the Mosix multicomputer mps and mtop are used to display processes on a Mosix multicomputer. mtop provides an ongoing look at processor activity in real time. It displays a listing of the most CPU-intensive tasks on the system, and can provide an interactive interface for manipulating processes. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mpto

extract labels in MetaPost pictures for typesetting From whatis

mq3

a mp3/ogg audio player written in Qt. mq3 is an advanced unix audio player, written in C++ using the Qt toolkit. It supports both the MP3 and Ogg Vorbis audio formats, and has an intuitive organizer to keep your music and playlists in order. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mrd

remove an MSDOS subdirectory TQ From whatis

mren

rename an existing MSDOS file TQ From whatis

mrename

A tool for easy and automatic renaming of many files Mass Rename is a simple pair of shell scripts which make it easier to move, rename, or copy multiple files at once. It is intended mainly as an automatic and simple way to rename multiple files with a customizable prefix and a progressive number. It is also possible to modify the rename format simply by editing one of the scripts. It is easy, complete, and efficient, and was written only in sh code. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mrproject

A Project Management Application for GNOME Mr Project is a project management program that can help build project plans, and track the progress of a project. The development of MrProject is led by CodeFactory as a free software project, and all code is licensed under the GNU General Public License. Homepage: http://mrproject.codefactory.se/ From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mrproject

MrProject is a visual project management application which allows users to manage several aspects of a project, including schedule tracking usingGantt charts. You should install MrProject if you wish to manage schedules, allocate resources, and track the progress of your projects. From Redhat 8.0 RPM

mrt

Multi-threaded Routing Toolkit (BGP4+/BGP/RIPng/RIP2) MRT is a set of Routing and Network Performance measurement tools, with BGP4+/BGP/RIPng/RIP2 routing software (now includes DVMRP and PIM-DM) MRT uses novel approaches to routing architecture design, and incorporates features such as parallel lightweight processes, multiple processor support, and shared memory. The object-oriented, modular design of the software encourages the rapid addition and prototyping of experimental routing protocol and inter-domain policy algorithms. You can use MRT applications and libraries to: * Serve as the backbone routing software for your IPv6 or IPv4 network connection. * Simultaneously handle tasks such as routing policy communication, routing policy calculation, and maintenance of a RIB, and distribute these tasks over multiple processors or multiple machines * Generate and analyze route flap statistics * Generate real-time graphical maps of Internet routing * Capture a BGP peering session and monitor it in real time * Record and replay sequences of events, such as routing failures From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mrtg

Multi Router Traffic Grapher The Multi Router Traffic Grapher is a tool primarily used to monitor the traffic load on network links (typically by using SNMP). MRTG generates HTML pages containing PNG images which provide a LIVE visual representation of this traffic. MRTG typically produces daily, weekly, monthly, and yearly graphs. In addition to monitoring via SNMP, MRTG can also generate graphs based on the output of any application, allowing one to generate graphs of anything that needs monitoring (for example, CPU and memory usage, email volumes, web hits, etc). For faster data collection, MRTG can also interface to RRDtool. For more information, see http://www.ee.ethz.ch/~oetiker/webtools/mrtg/. The mrtg-contrib package contains the contributed scripts and configuration files that used to form part of the mrtg package. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mrtg-contrib

Multi Router Traffic Grapher (contributed files) A collection of sample scripts and configuration files for the Multi Router Traffic Grapher (MRTG). This package contains the contributed files that ship with MRTG. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mrtgutils

Utilities to generate statistics for mrtg A collection of simple utilities to generate output useful for mrtg. Many of the existing mrtg setups use shell or perl scripts to gather output. On busy systems, these scripts can generate a lot of extra load. These (small) C programs can return the given statistics more efficiently. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

msc

Generates simple ASCII message sequence charts This tool generates simple ASCII message sequence charts from a textual description. Note, that this description is tool specific and not compatible with the MSC standard Z.120 by the ITU-T. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mscompress

Microsoft "compress.exe/expand.exe" compatible (de)compressor This package contains two programs: msexpand, which decompresses files compressed by the Microsoft compress.exe utility (e.g. Win 3.x installation files) mscompress, which compresses files using the LZ77 compression algorithm. Files can be decompressed using Microsoft expand.exe or msexpand(1). From Debian 3.0r0 APT

msec

The Mandrake-Security package is designed to provide generic secure level to the Mandrake Linux users...It will permit you to choose between level 0 to 5 for a less -> more secured distribution. This packages includes several program that will be run periodically in order to test the security of your system and alert you if needed. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mserv

local centralised multiuser music server Mserv is a music server designed to do a number of things better than most systems designed to play mp3s: - Supports any type of client using standard TCP protocol - Stores information on mp3 (bitrate, duration, name, author, genre, date produced, last play date) in on-disk database. - Stores rating information supplied by the user (awful, bad, neutral, good, superb). - Has a comprehensive queuing system (track, album, random album, etc) - Random play chooses the songs that people currently on-line want to hear using their ratings of the songs. - Search facilities, status information, statistics, etc. - User management facilities, four levels of users, encrypted passwords. - Talker style communication (say, emote etc.) - Play, next, pause, stop, repeat, volume, bass, treble settings. - On-line and off-line track information editing. - Advanced filter facilities (e.g. 'john=superb', '!good', 'year>1990', 'duration<180', 'genre=pop', 'john=good|fred=unheard' etc.) - Built-in telnet client (see manual). - Library interface, no need to write TCP code. - Comes with command line shell program for interfacing and web client to this shell program for web-based control. - Uses an external player to output, and is known to support mpg321, mpg123 and freeamp - this could be used to broadcast the output or support other players. - Comes with a setuid wrapper for mpg123-compatible players that can increase the nice level for low-capability processors. For more info see http://www.mserv.org From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mserver

Network Modem Server The mserver program is a network modem server which allows modems to be exported to any number of hosts on the (local) internet. Access control for each individually exported modem is performed on a per-host basis. Windows 95 shareware client available. Work on a Mac version in progress. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

msgcmp

compare two message catalogs From whatis

msgcomm

search catalogs for common messages From whatis

msgfmt

compile message catalogs From whatis

msgmerge

merge two message catalogs From whatis

msgunfmt

decompile message catalogs From whatis

mshowfat

shows FAT clusters allocated to file TQ From whatis

msttcorefonts

Installer for Microsoft TrueType core fonts This package allows for easy installation of the Microsoft True Type Core Fonts for the Web including: Andale Mono Arial Black Arial (Bold, Italic, Bold Italic) Comic Sans MS (Bold) Courier New (Bold, Italic, Bold Italic) Georgia (Bold, Italic, Bold Italic) Impact Times New Roman (Bold, Italic, Bold Italic) Trebuchet (Bold, Italic, Bold Italic) Verdana (Bold, Italic, Bold Italic) Webdings You will need an Internet connection to download these modules from Microsoft's Web site. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mt

control magnetic tape drive operation From whatis

mt-gnu

control magnetic tape drive operation From whatis

mt-st

Linux SCSI tape driver aware magnetic tape control (aka. mt) Mt-st contains a version of "mt" that is aware of Linux's SCSI tape driver. Mt-st is able to set some esoteric control flags like tape partitions. Mt-st diverts (replaces) the GNU version of mt, in the cpio package. It also comes with stinit, a program to be run at boot time to set up tape defaults. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mt-st

The mt-st package contains the mt and stinit tape drive management programs. Mt (for magnetic tape drives) can control rewinding, ejecting, skipping files and blocks, and more. The stinit program isused to initialize SCSI magnetic tape drives at system startup. From Redhat 8.0 RPM

mtd-tools

Memory Technology Device Tools Tools for manipulating memory technology devices, such as flash memory, Disk-On-Chip, or ROM. Includes mkfs.jffs, a tool to create JFFS (journaling flash file system) filesystems. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mtime

Unix jargon for "the time a file's data was last 'changed'". (cf. atime, ctime). From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

mtools

Tools for manipulating MSDOS files Mtools is a collection of utilities to access MS-DOS disks from Unix without mounting them. It supports Win'95 style long file names, OS/2 Xdf disks, ZIP/JAZ disks and 2m disks (store up to 1992kB on a high density 3 1/2 disk). Also included in this package are commands to eject and manipulate the write/password protection control of Zip disks. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mtools

mtools configuration files TQ From whatis

mtools

utilities to access DOS disks in Unix. TQ From whatis

mtoolsfm

graphical user interface to the mtools diskette package MToolsFM (formerly known as mfm) is a gtk-based graphical user interface for the mtools package for reading and writing DOS-format diskettes on UNIX systems. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mtoolstest

tests and displays the configuration TQ From whatis

mtr

Full screen ncurses and X11 traceroute tool mtr combines the functionality of the 'traceroute' and 'ping' programs in a single network diagnostic tool. As mtr starts, it investigates the network connection between the host mtr runs on and a user-specified destination host. After it determines the address of each network hop between the machines, it sends a sequence ICMP ECHO requests to each one to determine the quality of the link to each machine. As it does this, it prints running statistics about each machine. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mtr

Mtr is a network diagnostic tool that combines ping and traceroute into one program. Mtr provides two interfaces: an ncurses interface, useful for using Mtr from a telnet session; and a GTK+ interface for X (provided in the mtr-gtk package). From Redhat 8.0 RPM

mtrack

Graphical satellite tracker for X11 mtrack is a satellite tracking program for X11. The current position of the satellite is shown on a world map, and pass times for the next day or more can be generated and shown in a tabular form. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mtx

controls tape autochangers MTX can be used to manipulate tape auto-changers, also known as "jukeboxes", such that backup software can make use of the multiple tape capabilities of the auto-changer. In particular, this is necessary glue for using a backup system like Amanda with a DDS auto-changer like the HP Surestore 12000e. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mtype

display contents of an MSDOS file TQ From whatis

mu-cite

Message Utilities for emacsen. MU stands for "Message Utilities". It consists of following modules: mu-cite: a citation utility mu-cite.el --- main module of mu-cite mu-bbdb.el --- mu-cite submodule for BBDB mu-register.el --- mu-cite submodule for registration latex-math-symbol.el --- translate mathematical symbols of LaTeX into MULE characters From Debian 3.0r0 APT

muLinux

muLinux

muddleftpd

A flexible and efficient FTP daemon MuddleFTPd has been designed from the ground up to be efficient, configurable and to be tolerant of being run in root or non-root mode. This server enables users to set up a variety of configurations, from a traditional FTP server using the password file for everything, to using the password file for nothing running entirely as a single user. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mueller7-dict

English/Russian dictionary in dict format Electronic version of seventh edition of English/Russian dictionary by V. K. Mueller. This package contains dictionary in dict format. You'll need dictd server and dict client to use it. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mueller7-mova

English/Russian dictionary in mova format Electronic version of seventh edition of English/Russian dictionary by V. K. Mueller. This package contains dictionary in mova format. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mueller7accent-dict

English/Russian dictionary with accents in dict format Electronic version of seventh edition of English/Russian dictionary with accents by V. K. Mueller. This package contains dictionary in dict format. You'll need dictd server and dict client to use it. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mueller7accent-mova

English/Russian dictionary with accents in mova format Electronic version of seventh edition of English/Russian dictionary with accents by V. K. Mueller. This package contains dictionary in mova format. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

muh

Full-featured IRC bouncing tool. muh is a smart irc-bouncing-tool that remains on IRC all the time. You can take control over your nick by connecting to muh with an IRC client that is able to supply a password for the server connection. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mule-ucs

character code translator system on Emacs MULE-UCS is a coding system and character code translator system. This has an universal ability to translate from any character sets to any, and construct new coding systems easily. And MULE-UCS have a package to translate between MULE INTERNAL CODE and ISO-10646, So you can handle ISO-10646 based coding systems on Emacs/Mule(But can't work on 20.2, this version have no extended CCL), Mule 3.0 and Meadow. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

multex-base

basic MulTeX library files. MulTeX is a TeX for Multilingual langauges included Chinese, Japanese and Korean. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

multex-bin

Multilingual TeX MulTeX is TeX for Multilingual text based on the original Knuth's TeX. Include: multex, jmulatex, amsmultex (amsmultex depends on tetex-extra package). From Debian 3.0r0 APT

multi-gnome-terminal

Enhanced the GNOME Terminal Multi Gnome Terminal is an enhanced version of gnome-terminal which has the following features added: - Many terminals in each window - Switch between terminals using shortcuts - Execution of user defined commands in new terminals - Notification of terminal states (changed, changing, unchanged) using different tabs colors - Reorderable tabs All this extensions are inspired by screen and konsole (the KDE2 terminal) From Debian 3.0r0 APT

multi-homed

A computer may have multiple adapters and multiple IP addresses. We called these multi-homed hosts. The existence of such machines makes some security processes difficult. UDP based transactions (like DNS) sometimes show anomalies because the responses come back from IP addresses different than the one the request was sent to. Sun workstations demonstrate and even more difficult problem: if multiple adapters are installed within the workstation, they are all assigned the same MAC address. Sometimes people hook both adapters to the same ethernet network. This means that every incoming packet is received by both adapters, so every request is seen multiple times, and responded to multiple times. The symptoms are that on UDP based protocols, every request sent to the multi-homed Sun computer gets multiple responses back. Key point: Misconfigured multi-homed hosts are common enough that it makes distinguishing their anomalies vs. hacker anomalies difficult. From Hacking-Lexicon

multicast

a type of communication between hosts (or computers) on a network where one computer can communicate with a select group of others. See broadcast and unicast. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

multicd

Backup your data to CD-R/CD-RW multiCD provides an easy way to backup a large number of files to multiple CDs. Give multiCD the files/directories you want backed up and it will create as many CDs as it needs to, prompting the user to put in a new disc whenever needed. It can be configured to run in a multi-threading mode, where it will burn one image to a disc while it is copying files to another image. This feature can be disabled for slower machines. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

multimail

Offline reader for Blue Wave, QWK, OMEN and SOUP MultiMail is an offline mail packet reader for Unix and other systems. It currently supports the Blue Wave, QWK, OMEN and SOUP formats. It has a full screen, color user interface, built with the curses library. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

multimix

automatic classification or clustering multimix fits a mixture of multivariate distributions to a set of observations by maximum likelihood using the EM algorithm. The emphasis is less on parameter estimation than on the use of the estimated component distributions to cluster the data. The program is designed to cluster multivariate data with categorical and continuous variables. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

multimon

Linux Radio Transmission Decoder The multimon software can decode a variety of digital transmission modes commonly found on UHF radio. A standard PC soundcard is used to acquire the signal from a transceiver. The decoding is done completely in software. Currently, the following modes are supported: AX.25 1200 Baud AFSK 2400 Baud AFSK (2 variants) 4800 Baud HAPN 9600 Baud FSK (G3RUH) POCSAG 512 Baud 1200 Baud 2400 Baud Miscellaneous DTMF ZVEI An arbitrary set of the above modes may run concurrently on the same input signal (provided the CPU power is sufficient), so you do not have to know in advance which mode is used. Note however that some modes might require modifications to the radio (especially the 9600 baud FSK and the POCSAG modes) to work properly. POCSAG (Post Office Code Standards Advisory Group) is a common paging transmission format. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

multitasking

the execution of two or more processes at the same time. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

multitee

send multiple inputs to multiple outputs multitee sends all input on file descriptor fdin to each descriptor fdout. This is an improved version written by Dan Bernstein of the multitee program for BSD systems. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

multithreading

native kernel support for multiple independent threads of control within a single process memory space. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

multiticker

GNOME applet to provide scrolling RDF/RSS news tickers A simple GNOME applet that pulls down news items from sites in RDF/RSS format, parses, then displays them in a scrolling ticker. * Multiple sites are supported * News items are links to web pages launching your GNOME web browser * Colours can be associated with different sites * Several tickers can be displayed at once * Support for web proxies is included From Debian 3.0r0 APT

munchlist

Interactive spelling checking From whatis

munpack

unpack messages in MIME or split-uuencode format From whatis

murasaki

another HotPlug Agent Murasaki automatically loads and unloads modules for USB, Cardbus, network, etc using Linux 2.4's new "HotPlug" feature. Now kernel supports USB, Cardbus, Network and IEEE1394. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

muse

A Qt-based midi/audio sequencer MusE is a MIDI/audio sequencer with recording and editing capabilities. Some Highlights: - standard midifile (smf) import-/export - organizes songs in tracks and parts which you can arrange with the part editor - midi editors: pianoroll, drum, list, controller - score editor with high quality postscript printer output - realtime: editing while playing - unlimited number of open editors - unlimited undo/redo - realtime and step-recording - multiple midi devices - unlimited number of tracks - Sync to external devices: MTC/MMC, Midi Clock, Master/Slave (currently only partially implemented) - audio tracks, LADSPA host for master effects - multithreaded - uses raw midi devices (ALSA, OSS & serial ports) - XML project file - project file contains complete app state (session data) - Application spanning Cut/Paste Drag/Drop From Debian 3.0r0 APT

music123

A command-line shell for sound-file players A command-line shell for programs like mpg123 and ogg123, music123 plays a variety of sound files using a mpg123/ogg123-like interface. With all the Recommends installed, music123 plays wav, mp3 and ogg files. By simply changing the config file, music123 can play any sound file you have a player for. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

musixlyr

a MusiXTeX extension for handling lyrics musixlyr is a set of TeX macros to be used with Taupin MusiXTeX (version T.52 or later) for typesetting vocal music. Its purpose is to compensate two drawbacks of MusiXTeX's lyrics handling: * Typesetting lyrics with the "native" musixtex commands \zcharnote, \zsong etc. tends to be quite inefficient, particularly if the lyrics have to be changed or corrected. The idea underlying musixlyr is to separate lyrics coding from music coding and let TeX weave them together with as little manual interference as possible. As a result you can enter and edit lyrics (nearly) as easily as normal text. * musixtex has no built-in mechanism for centering hyphens between syllables and for handling hyphenation at long melismas. This is implemented in musixlyr following the example of engraved music. Author: Rainer Dunker <[email protected]> Primary-site: ftp://ftp.gmd.de/music/musixtex/add-ons/musixlyr.zip From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mutella

command line based Gnutella client Mutella supports all the functionality required to participate as a full-featured node in the Gnutella network. "Full-featured" implies support for file search, download and sharing. It is optimized for a high-bandwidth connection, were it sets standards for the server performance and stability, but it can also run on a modest-speed line. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mutt

Mutt is a text-mode mail user agent. Mutt supports color, threading, arbitrary key remapping, and a lot of customization. You should install mutt if you have used it in the past and you prefer it, or if you are new to mail programs and have not decided which one you are going to use. From Redhat 8.0 RPM

mutt

Text-based mailreader supporting MIME, GPG, PGP and threading. Mutt is a sophisticated text-based Mail User Agent. Some highlights: o MIME support (including RFC1522 encoding/decoding of 8-bit message headers). o PGP/MIME support (RFC 2015). o Advanced IMAP client supporting Kerberos authentication (and in some situations SSL encryption). o POP3 support. o Mailbox threading (both strict and non-strict). o Default keybindings are much like ELM. o Keybindings are configurable; Mush and PINE-like ones are provided as examples. o Handles MMDF, MH and Maildir in addition to regular mbox format. o Messages may be (indefinitely) postponed. o Colour support. o Highly configurable through easy but powerful rc file. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mutt-utf8

Text-based mailreader supporting MIME, GPG, PGP and threading. This is a version of mutt linked with slang-utf8. It may be buggy. Mutt is a sophisticated text-based Mail User Agent. Some highlights: o MIME support (including RFC1522 encoding/decoding of 8-bit message headers). o PGP/MIME support (RFC 2015). o Advanced IMAP client supporting Kerberos authentication (and in some situations SSL encryption). o POP3 support. o Mailbox threading (both strict and non-strict). o Default keybindings are much like ELM. o Keybindings are configurable; Mush and PINE-like ones are provided as examples. o Handles MMDF, MH and Maildir in addition to regular mbox format. o Messages may be (indefinitely) postponed. o Colour support. o Highly configurable through easy but powerful rc file. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mutt_dotlock

Lock mail spool files. From whatis

muttbug

(unknown) From whatis

muttprint

Pretty printing of mails with Mutt Muttprint formats the printing of Mutt and other mail clients like XFMail or PINE to be as pretty as the printing of Netscape Messenger or Kmail. It can print a little penguin (or the Debian logo) on the first page and a headline on every page. Furthermore, it only prints the most important headers, but not the whole plethora of them. Finally, it can even print two pages on one page in landscape format. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mv

move (rename) files From whatis

mv

moves or renames files or directories. From Linux Guide @FirstLinux

mwavem

Mwave/ACP modem support The mwavem program implements a Hayes-compatible V.90 modem in the 3780i Mwave/ACP DSP chip which is built in to certain IBM ThinkPad laptop computers, including the ThinkPad 600, 600E and 770 models. A driver for the mwave device is required. Source code for the driver, built as a module called 'mwave.o', is included in the latest 2.4 kernel sources. To build the module, set "ACP/Mwave Modem support" under "Character devices" to "m" at kernel configuration time. Source code is available from IBM which can be used to build a module compatible with earlier kernels. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

myhungarian

The Hungarian dictionary for OpenOffice. This is the Hungarian dictionary made by NEMETH Laszlo <[email protected]> home: http://www.szofi.hu/gnu/magyarispell From Debian 3.0r0 APT

myspell-en_GB

myspell-en_GB contains spell checking data in English (United Kingdom) to be used by OpenOffice.org or MySpell-capable applications like Mozilla. With this extension, you can compose a document in English and check for the typos easily. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

myspell-en_US

myspell-en_US contains spell checking data in English (US) to be used by OpenOffice.org or MySpell-capable applications like Mozilla. With this extension, you can compose a document in English and check for the typos easily. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

myspell-hyph-en

myspell-hyph-en contains hyphenation data for English to be used by OpenOffice.org or MySpell-capable applications like Mozilla. From Mandrake 9.0 RPM

mysql

MySQL is a fast, stable and true multi-user, multi-threaded SQL (Structured Query Language) database server. SQL is the most popular database query language in the world. This package includes files needed by all versions of the client library. From Debian 3.0r0 APT

mzip

change protection mode and eject disk on Zip/Jaz drive TQ From whatis